Books 2020

Each Human Soul Has Two Bodies

FOREWORD of the book

FOREWORD of the book

1- As usual, at first, we thought that the Quranist topic at hand would entail one lengthy article; yet, the more Quranic facts we discover as we study, analyze, and research the Quranic text as per the Quranist methodology, the more we realize how we know little about the Quran despite our studying its text for more than 40 years. The topic at hand entailed a series of articles which are compiled into a book form; it is the book you are reading now. We hope that the Lord God will grant us enough lifetime to go on with writing our several unfinished books; if we die, we expect that our fellow Quranists would complete such books whose initial articles are published on our website. The Quranist methodology of research will yield the same results when such books might be finished by our dear fellow Quranists after our own death.

2- In fact, we realize now that the more one dedicates time, pondering, and reasoning to the Lord God's Book, the Holy Quran, the more will be the number of unknown-before Quranic facts inferred by one's mind and the more one will feel so ignorant however numerous the Quranic facts one has reach. The Holy Quran is the Lord God's Word and no one dares to claim that s/he grasps fully all its verses; this is beyond the capacity of the human brain. Yet, at the same time, the Quran is made easy to remember (as per the Quranic Chapter 54) for those who, despite their different IQ levels, ardently and sincerely seek guidance within monotheism and dedicate their religion entirely and only to the Lord God. The Quranic text has deeper levels for those who seek to delve deeper into meticulous analyzing, studying, and researching the Quranic verses to get to know, discover, and learn more Quranic facts. Our writings within our online archive prove this fact beyond a shadow of doubt.

3- As for the misguided misguiding ignoramuses, they prefer ignorance and feel comfortable with it. They never make the slightest intellectual effort to ponder on the Quranic verses; they merely copy and paste from the books of exegeses, commentaries, and interpretation authored by some other ignoramuses of the Middle-Ages during the Abbasid and the Mameluke eras. If such books were 'sufficient', why does Azharite low- and high-rank clergymen continue to exist until now in Egypt?! Why do they appear in the media? Why does Al-Azhar University continue to exist?! Why Sunnite Wahabi/Salafist (non-)Azharite televangelists appear on TV in Egypt and in the Arab world?! Why do they regurgitate statements, ideas, and views from centuries-old books?!

4- We began this book by writing an article about the Quran-based fact that every human soul has two bodies: the physical body created from mud/dust which does clothe the soul during its lifetime on earth and the eternal body of the Hereafter either in Hell or in Paradise. We received many questions about the same topic via our email address and our website; we had to write more articles to provide lengthy answers; these articles about this topic are the ones compiled in this book which you are reading now. We begin by defining some Quranic terms like (souls), (hearts), and (chests), and then, we talk about the mechanism of the relation between souls and their two bodies: the earthly one of this world and the eternal one of the Hereafter. May the Lord God come to our help and aid.

INTRODUCTION of the book

INTRODUCTION of the book

In most cases, human beings have objectives to achieve and targets to attain during their lifetimes; this applies even to those heedless ones whose sole aim in life is enjoyment and seeking pleasure; such heedless people are in for a big surprise on the Resurrection Day before their entering into Hell: the Lord God will tell them the following: "Did you think that We created you in vain, and that to Us you will not be returned?” So Exalted is God, the King, the True. There is no God but He, the Lord of the Noble Throne." (23:115-116). Yet, the fate of such heedless people may change if, before the time for their death comes, they take heed of the fact their souls have two bodies: the earthly one made of mud/dust in this world and the new, eternal which must be put into consideration within piety, monotheism, and good deeds so that one's fate will be in Paradise forever instead of Hell for eternity. We provide some details in the points below.

Firstly: the human physical body known to us:

1- It is absurd to confine one's objectives and targets to this transient world and to one's physical body's pleasures, comfort, and beauty. One grows older and uglier with the passage of time; this is an undeniable and unchangeable fact: "Whomever We grant old age, We reverse his development. Do they not understand?" (36:68). Old persons see photos of themselves in younger, happier days and bemoan and lament the loss of their youth and beauty; they sense that death is drawing nearer to their frail, diseased bodies which are about to collapse; they are walking corpses; their bodies are about to die and decompose into unsightly corpses. This is in contrast to exerting much efforts to beautify their youthful bodies in the past.

2- The real person is the soul and not the physical body; the dead soul returns to its original place (i.e., Barsakh) and the dead body returns to its origin: dust. This is why when one of the sons of Adam murdered his innocent brother, he knew that the dead body was a corpse (which will return to the earth's dust from which it was created) and not his brother; the true brother is the dead soul which departed the body and returned to Barsakh; this is among the miraculous linguistic features of the Quran within the meticulous choice of diction (i.e., words and terms). Adam and his wife and the rest of their progeny were still alive at the time, and the murderer did not know what to do with the corpse until a raven taught him how to bury the corpse: "Then God sent a raven digging the ground, to show him how to cover his brother's corpse. He said, “Woe to me! I was unable to be like this raven, and bury my brother's corpse.” So he became full of regrets." (5:31).

Secondly: the human soul:

1- The soul is the real human being and not the earthly garment of flesh it wears during its temporary existence on earth. The human soul is an ethereal, metaphysical Barsakh creature; it came from Barsakh to be born in human flesh to be tested in this world, and when the duration of its test (i.e., its lifetime on earth) ends, the soul leaves the physical body forever and return to Barsakh, while carrying its Record/Book of Deeds, until the Resurrection Day when it will be judged by the Lord God to begin its eternity either in Hell or in Paradise. For more details about this topic, we refer readers to our two books, in English, titled "The Book of Death" and "The Book of Barsakh", found on these links respectively:

http://www.ahl-alquran.com/arabic/book_main.php?main_id=120

http://www.ahl-alquran.com/arabic/book_main.php?main_id=138

These two books of ours are available in French on the following two links respectively:

http://www.ahl-alquran.com/arabic/book_main.php?main_id=130

http://www.ahl-alquran.com/arabic/book_main.php?main_id=155

2- Each human soul has its preordained duration of the test of life on earth while being clothed in human flesh, and it has absolute freedom of action and of choice regarding (dis)belief and (mis)guidance. No soul can postpone its predetermined time of death; the souls are breathed into human embryos, and the human babies enter into weak/strong phases of childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and the senile old age: "God is He Who created you weak, then after weakness gave you strength, then after strength gave you weakness and gray hair. He creates whatever He wills. He is the Omniscient, the Omnipotent." (30:54). And then, the human bodies (or the flesh garments of the souls) die and return to dust from which it was created and souls return to Barsakh.

Thirdly: the decomposed, dead body:

1- When souls leave the bodies forever, the dead bodies (or garments of flesh worn temporarily by the souls) decompose and became unsightly and nauseating; no one would bear to smell or look at them; dead bodies must be buried to be left to decompose and return to dust without harming the living people.

2- This should teach us never to be deceived by the physical charms of others or by the beauty of human bodies of any people; the dead bodies decompose into unsightly, moldy, garbage-like, feces-like masses which would make living people vomit if they see or smell them.

3- Even living human bodies should be considered as moving corpses or mobile pieces of clay; they need care all the time; they need to be cleaned, beautified, fed, and protected. Or else, they will be infected and diseased. The beauty of (fe)male human bodies is temporary and short-lived; it lasts only during the stage of youth; the human body organs under the skin are not a good sight to be seen and it would make one puke even if the outer skin/cover is beautiful to feel and touch. Let alone seeing decomposed corpses of men and women.

Fourthly: the soul's new, eternal body of the Hereafter is woven and composed of one's good or bad deeds:

1- Hence, according to the above point, it is absurd to confine one's objectives in life to one's physical body's pleasures since the existence of human bodies are temporary. One cannot trust one's body and bet on it that focusing on it will result in happiness. The only riskless bet/wager is to shift one's focus and objectives all the time towards the good deeds within monotheistic belief in the Lord God and in the Hereafter so that one earns the radiant, eternal body for one's soul in Paradise. Yet, this does not mean to lead an ascetic life on earth; rather, we mean that one can enjoy permissible items in this world without excesses or extravagance while being grateful and thankful to the Lord God for the bounties He has bestowed on us. Good deeds within piety and monotheism includes sincere, devoted acts of worship dedicated only to Allah and good treatment and peaceful dealings with peaceful people. Thus, good deeds within monotheism and righteousness make people fit for entering into Paradise; good souls will receive eternal, radiant bodies in the Hereafter which will allow them to enjoy Paradise pleasures forever: "Those who believe and do good works - We will admit them into the company of the righteous." (29:9); "But as for you, O comforted soul. Return to your Lord, pleased and accepted. Enter among My servants. Enter into My Paradise." (89:27-30); "...Rivers will flow beneath them. And they will say, “Praise be to God, who has guided us to this. Had God not guided us, we would never be guided. The messengers of our Lord did come with the truth.” And it will be proclaimed to them, “This is the Garden you are made to inherit, on account of what you used to do.”" (7:43).

2- In contrast, losers who wasted their short lifetimes on earth will regret it after it is too late for them because they did not offer enough good deeds which would have woven their eternal bodies fit for Paradise: "He will say, “If only I had forwarded for my life.”" (89:24); they spent their lifetimes in sins and disobedience as they worshiped their physical bodies; their sins and misdeeds will be woven into eternal bodies fit only for Hell-fire torment forever their sins will turn into raging fire which will burn them for eternity: "So the evils of their deeds assailed them..." (16:34); "On the Day when the punishment will envelop them, from above them, and from beneath their feet, He will say, “Taste what you used to do!”" (29:55).

3- Hence, if one's soul will enter into Paradise, one's good deeds will turn into the Light and the pleasures of Paradise enjoyed forever within an eternal, radiant body. If one's soul will enter into Hell, one's sins and misdeeds will turn into darkness, torment, and raging fire within eternal suffering within an eternal, ugly body which will never die.

4- This means there are two bodies for each human soul: (1) the temporary physical body of flesh during the lifetime of the soul on earth which will die and decompose to turn into dust from which it is created, and (2) the eternal body of the Hereafter woven of one's deeds chosen freely on earth as per one's free will; such deeds fill the Book of Deeds and the time-frame of one's lifetime on earth. One's deeds and faith will determine the type of one's eternal body either in Hell or in Paradise.

Fifthly: the soul's new, eternal body is linked to the element of time:

Time is the fourth dimension of matter a per the theory of relativity; time envelopes the whole universe though we cannot see time; our souls cannot escape time unless during sleep/coma or through death. The pace of time is unstoppable and it moves forward and never turns back; one cannot retrieve or relive the lost/past seconds (let alone past months or years). Of course, when one's soul wear human flesh to be tested on earth, the predetermined duration of the test is decided by the Lord God; when its duration on earth ends, the soul leaves the body for good and return to Barsakh while the dead body returns to the earth. Life is like a one-way train/vehicle heading to one destination: death. When the time comes to anyone, they descend into their stop: death. Souls of dead human being remain in Barsakh tombs in a state of senselessness, timelessness, and motionlessness. When the Hour takes place, the (meta)physical levels/realms of the universe will be destroyed; the observable universe will be destroyed with its earth, stars, planets, galaxies,...etc. A New, Eternal Realm will emerge for the Resurrection Day and Judgment when resurrected human souls will meet with the Lord God. The moving time on earth will be no longer there; eternity or static time of the Last Day will replace it; the eternal souls will live without dying, some in Hell and some in Paradise as per the nature of their eternal bodies woven of their bad/good deeds performed when souls had full freedom during their lifetimes on earth. Time is the most important dimension of our physical existence on earth because it is the invisible container carrying the deeds of our souls recorded by angels; our deeds will be the basis of our eternal bodies of the Hereafter. The earthly body of flesh will be lost forever after one's death.

Sixthly: the angels who record the deeds of human beings/souls fill the Book of Deeds as per the element of time:

1- The human souls who are breathed into human flesh carry two containers: the physical body and time; i.e., one's deeds performed during one's test's duration on earth are recorded by the angels in the Book of Deeds. Of course, one's soul et temporary relief from the confinement of the human flesh during sleep/coma and one's soul leaves the earthly body forever in death. Once one dies when the duration of one's soul's test would end, the Book of Deed of one's soul is closed/sealed forever after it has documented the deeds of every (femto)second of one's lifetime. This Book of Deeds record our good/bad actions, intentions, thoughts, faiths, words,...etc.

2- There are two angels assigned to each living human being to record their deeds, events, words...etc. as if in a video recorder. The Book of Deeds is like an archive of one's lifetime: "He has a succession; before him and behind him, watching him as per God’s command..." (13:10); "When the tombs are strewn around. Each soul will know what it has advanced, and what it has deferred. O man! What deluded you concerning your Lord, the Most Generous? He Who created you, and formed you, and proportioned you? In whatever shape He willed, He assembled you. But you reject the religion. Though over you are watchers. Honest recorders. They know everything you do." (82:4-12)

Seventhly: the relation between the soul's physical, temporary body on earth and its new, eternal body of the Hereafter:

1-The more one's lifetime passes, it decreases; in contrast, its Book of Deeds is filled with the passage of time; hence, the container of time increases while the lifetime assigned to the soul deceases. Eventually death will occur to the earthly body of flesh and the soul returns to Barsakh until the Resurrection Day when it will be clothed in, or united with, its eternal body woven of its recorded good or bad deeds.

2- Let us exemplify the above point here: the soul of a man is assigned to a duration of life on earth for 70 years; once he is born, his lifetime is 70 years minus one minute; the countdown has begun for the assigned time of his death; a month later, his age is 70 years minus one minute...etc. Thus, with each passing second, one's allotted lifetime deceases and such seconds (with our thoughts, deeds, and words) are recorded in the container of time (or the Book of Deeds of the soul) by the two angels assigned for each human soul. "God created you from dust, then from a small drop; then He made you pairs. No female conceives, or delivers, except with His knowledge. No living thing advances in years, or its life is shortened, except it be in a Record. That is surely easy for God." (35:11).

3- Thus, the dead souls remain in Barsakh tombs until the Resurrection Day when they will be united with their eternal bodies woven by the Book of Deeds or container of time of each soul; this eternal body will fit for either Hell or Paradise as per the quality of deeds (good ones or sins) and faith (monotheism or polytheism).

4- Each passing second is irretrievable; it cannot be restored by us who are mortals living on earth; these seconds are recorded as if in a video by angels in the Book of Deeds which is closed down when the soul leaves the earthly body for good (i.e., death). The soul lost the physical body of clay forever; it will remain in its metaphysical Barsakh tomb until united with its new, eternal body on the Last Day to enter either into Hell or Paradise for eternity. The souls will never die again.

Eighthly: the threshold of death and the decisive moment between both bodies of each of the human souls:

1- When one dies, the human flesh decompose and turn eventually into dust inside tombs; it is like a worn-out, tattered dress that will never be needed again since the new, eternal body in the Hereafter will be woven of one's deeds recorded by angels in the Book of Deeds. This Book of Deeds will be sealed or closed down forever; it will be archived; this will be the archive of one's lifetime; no one can alter it, omit anything from it, or add anything to it. The devilish Sunnite hadith of (After a man dies, his deeds can continue only in three cases:..., ..., &...) is false and deceitful; it contradicts the Quran.

2- This means that upon the moment of dying, or within the threshold of death, there will be a decisive moment between both bodies of each of the human souls; time on earth (which is the fourth dimension of matter) will vanish in relation to the soul of the dying person; the soul's relation with its physical body of flesh is severed forever as the angels of death take the soul from it. The soul waits in the Barsakh tomb of timelessness, motionlessness, and senselessness until the Last Day when it will be united with its new, eternal body woven of its deeds recorded previously in the archive or Book of Deeds.

3- No one died and returned to life to narrate to the living people what the moment of dying looks like; we beg our readers to excuse us for having to write the word 'moment' of dying; the human tongues cannot express how the dying souls are separated forever from the sense of time on earth. We and our readers can imagine, with our limited capacity of the human mind, the decisive moment or the threshold of death (e.g., when someone dies in bed and angels of death takes his/her soul) (http://www.ahl-alquran.com/English/show_article.php?main_id=20244) when we ponder deeply on the following verses: "So when it has reached Al-Hulqoom. As you are looking on. We are nearer to it than you are, but you do not see. If you are not indebted. Then bring it back, if you are truthful." (56:83-87); "Until, when death comes to one of them, he says, “My Lord, send me back. That I may do right in what I have neglected.” By no means! It is just a word that he utters. And behind them is a Barsakh/barrier, until the Day they are resurrected." (23:99-100); "But God will not delay a soul when its time has come. God is Informed of what you do." (63:11); "If only you could see, as the angels take away those who disbelieve, striking their faces and their bottoms: “Taste the torment of the Burning.” That is because of what your hands have committed, and because God is not unjust to the servants.”" (8:50-51); "How about when the angels take them at death, beating their faces and their bottoms?" (47:27); "Who commits graver injustice than someone who invents falsehood against God, or says, “It was revealed to me,” when nothing was revealed to him, or says, “I will reveal the like of what God revealed”? If only you could see the unjust ones in the floods of death, as the angels with arms outstretched: “Give up your souls. Today you are being repaid with the torment of shame for having said about God other than the Truth, and for being too proud to accept His Verses.”" (6:93); "And do not say of those who are killed in the cause of God, “Dead.” Rather, they are alive, but you do not perceive." (2:154); "Do not consider those killed in the cause of God as dead. In fact, they are alive, at their Lord, well provided for. Delighting in what God has given them out of His Grace, and happy for those who have not yet joined them; that they have nothing to fear, nor will they grieve. They rejoice in Grace from God, and Bounty, and that God will not waste the reward of the believers." (3:169-171); "I have believed in your Lord, so listen to me. It was said, “Enter Paradise.” He said, “If only my people knew. How my Lord has forgiven me, and made me one of the honored." (36:25-27). Thus, the dying person feels that the soul leaves the body and it passes through the threshold of the Barsakh realm while wearing its eternal body woven of the deeds of that soul. Family members sit/stand around the deathbed and cannot see or do anything; they cannot revive or save the dying person who sees, for the very first time, the angels of death addressing the soul; the dying person loses his/her freedom & they succumb to a supreme power. Most people are heedless of the Barsakh metaphysical level and of the Hereafter; the arrogant sinners will beseech, in vain, to be given a second chance of life to perform good deeds. The angels of death beats and rebukes the souls of the sinners. The angels of death bring glad tidings of Paradise to the souls of the pious monotheists. Dead souls remain in timeless Barsakh level; the exception is for souls of those who got killed for God's sake; i.e., while serving the cause of the Lord God; these souls will enter into the blissful pleasures of a Barsakh Paradise and the living people on earth cannot feel/sense or see this (for more details, see our article in English: http://www.ahl-alquran.com/English/show_article.php?main_id=18682).

Ninthly: the souls and their new, eternal bodies on the Resurrection Day:

The dead body decomposes and returns to earth; the dead soul is clothed with the container of its test-time (or duration on earth) in the Hereafter as per deeds archived by the angels in the Book of Deeds (which has recorded, as if in a videotape, the soul's words, actions, thoughts, faith,...etc.) which is sealed upon death to its soul in Barsakh. This eternal body of the resurrected soul on the Day of Judgment will enable it to never experience death either in Hell or in Paradise. The result of this test of life is irrevocable and this means that sinners will feel remorse in vain inside the Hell torment forever since they were heedless, on earth, about their real future and Eternal Life; their focus was on the pleasures, comfort, and beauty of the temporary bodies of flesh.

Tenthly: the meaning of Islam as a secular religion:

1- On the Resurrection Day, eternal bodies of the resurrected souls will read/see their Book of Deeds; it records all one's deeds/words which 'fly' or get copied/printed in this Book of Deeds by the angels: "For every person We have attached his fate to his neck. And on the Day of Resurrection, We will bring out for him a book which he will find spread open. “Read your book; today there will be none but yourself to call you to judge.” Whoever is guided - is guided for his own good. And whoever goes astray - goes astray to his detriment. No burdened soul carries the burdens of another, nor do We ever punish until We have sent a messenger." (17:13-15).

2- This means each individual is fully and personally responsible for filling the container of its time (i.e., the Book of Deeds) within freedom of choice and free will granted to free agents known as the human beings. The pious ones fill it with monotheism and good deeds (which include acts of worship). This personal responsibility indicates clearly that Islam is a secular religion; i.e., there is no room for clergymen and religious institutions of any type within Islam. This means that falsehoods/fabrications such as sheikhs, imams, Al-Azhar in Cairo, Egypt, Qom in Iran,...etc. have nothing to do with Islam and they are never linked to the True Religion of the Lord God. True Islam is the Quran and how you understand and apply it in your life; you are the only one responsible for this; there are no mediators or intercessors between you and your Dominant Lord God.

3- Hence, in Islam, there are no myths of intercession or intercessors (see our book, in English, titled "Intercession between Islam and the Muhammadans " found on this link: http://www.ahl-alquran.com/arabic/book_main.php?main_id=119); in Islam, there are no indulgences typical of the Catholic Church of the Middle-Ages. Losers will fill their Book of Deeds with sins and polytheism and heedlessness; on the Last Day, their bodies will testify against them and expose their deeds and sins: "On the Day when their tongues, and their hands, and their feet will testify against them regarding what they used to do." (24:24). In contrast, a truly Muslim man/woman is responsible for the monotheistic faith and good deeds found in their Book of Deeds; one's good deeds are the only means of intercession by the two angels (who recorded one's deeds) for those pious monotheists who deserve to enter into Paradise. One will see these two angels only in the Last Day: "We created the human being, and We know what his soul whispers to him. We are nearer to him than his jugular vein. As the two receivers receive, seated to the right and to the left. Not a word does he utter, but there is a watcher by him, ready. The daze of death has come in truth: “This is what you tried to evade.” And the Trumpet is blown: “This is the Promised Day.” And every soul will come forward, accompanied by a driver and a witness. “You were in neglect of this, so We lifted your screen from you, and your vision today is keen.”" (50:16-22).

Lastly: we address the following to each one among our dear readers:

1- Your soul has two bodies or garments; the temporary garment of the physical, earthly body and the eternal one which will clothe your soul in the Hereafter which will be woven of your deeds chosen as per your own free will because the Lord God created you as a free agent.

2- This means your soul's eternal body will be based on your (mis)deeds and your false/true faith (chosen within this transient world) leading you to either Hell or Paradise. You are the one responsible for filling your Record/Book of Deeds within your free choices made as per your own free will: "...Every person is hostage to what he has earned." (52:21); ''Every soul is hostage to what it has earned." (74:38).

3- This is why hundreds of Quranic verses describe Hell and Paradise to warn, remind, preach, and advise you before it is too late (i.e., before your death) so that you will weave for your eternal soul a radiant body in the Hereafter and so that you would not fall into the worship of the temporary human body and this would make you heedless about your real future and Eternal Life after the Resurrection Day.

4- The Lord God says the following in the Holy Quran: "They will be presented before your Lord in a row. ''You have come to Us as We created you the first time. Although you claimed We would not set a meeting for you." And the Book will be placed, and you will see the sinners fearful of its contents. And they will say, “Woe to us! What is with this Book that leaves nothing, small or big, but it has enumerated it?” They will find everything they had done present. Your Lord does not wrong anyone." (18:48-49). As always, the Lord God says nothing but the Absolute Truth.

CHAPTER I: What Are Souls?

CHAPTER I: What Are Souls?

The Figurative Use of the Term "Soul(s)" in the Quran

Firstly: God's Soul or (Himself); i.e., His Self:

Human beings cannot see the Lord God or imagine what He looks like; this is beyond the capacity of the human brain and beyond the reasoning faculties. Our focus is to ponder and contemplate on Quranic facts and on the universe and its realms. Figurative style is employed in the Quran to talk about the metaphysical aspects of existence and about the nature of the Lord God so that our mind would understand in a simple way. When the Quranic/Arabic term Nafs (i.e., soul) is mentioned in relation to God's Soul or (Himself); His Self, this pertains to the figurative style in the Quran which employs human-related words to indicate qualities/deeds of God; the Lord God has no human soul of course. In light of the above, one can ponder the following Quranic verses. "...God warns you to beware of His Soul (i.e., Himself or His Self). To God is the destiny...God warns you to beware of His Soul (i.e., Himself or His Self). God is Kind towards the servants." (3:28-30); "Say, “To whom belongs what is in the heavens and the earth?” Say, “To God.” He has inscribed for Himself (i.e., His Soul/Self) mercy. He will gather you to the Day of Resurrection, in which there is no doubt. Those who lost their souls do not believe." (6:12); "When those who believe in Our Verses come to you, say, “Peace be upon you, your Lord has prescribed mercy for Himself (i.e., His Soul/Self). Whoever among you does wrong out of ignorance, and then repents afterwards and reforms - He is Forgiving and Merciful.”" (6:54). This is about words of Jesus on the Last Day when he will defend himself against being deified: "And God will say, “O Jesus son of Mary, did you say to the people, 'Take me and my mother as gods rather than Allah?'“ He will say, “Glory be to You! It is not for me to say what I have no right to. Had I said it, You would have known it. You know what is in my soul, and I do not know what is in Your Soul/Self. You are the Knower of the hidden." (5:116).

Sunnite ignoramuses/sheikhs/clergymen stubbornly refuse to accept the fact that some Quranic verses employ the figurative style; they insist to take all Quranic verses literally; this leads to misunderstanding the Quran and also to write/utter blasphemies; e.g., Sunnite Wahabis/Salafists assume that the Lord God sits on a literal throne/chair! They ascribe to the Lord God human qualities! They are very much like those who deify mortals or assume that their deities take the human form. Such Sunnite erroneous notion of ignorance makes the Quranic verses appear as if it were contradictory. The figurative idea of the Throne means the Lord God's Dominance and Omnipotence in the universe. The Lord God has not a human soul; souls are bound to taste death: "Every soul will have a taste of death, and you will receive your recompense on the Day of Resurrection. Whoever is swayed from the Fire, and admitted to Paradise, has won. The life of this world is merely enjoyment of delusion." (3:185); "Every soul will taste death. We burden you with adversity and prosperity - a test. And to Us you will be returned." (21:35); "Every soul will taste death. Then to Us you will be returned." (29:57). The figurative style is employed in the Quran to describe the metaphysical aspects including the nature of the Lord God Who is the Living One; The Creator never dies; the creatures perish and die. The Lord God is beyond and above time and He is the Creator of time; He is before time began and will remain and last after the earthly time (or the sense of time in the physical, observable universe) will end: "And put your trust in the Living, the One who never dies; and celebrate His praise..." (25:58); "And do not invoke with Allah any other god. There is no God but He. All things perish, except His presence. His is the judgment, and to Him you will be returned." (28:88); "Everyone upon it is perishing. But will remain the Presence of your Lord, Full of Majesty and Splendor." (55:26-27); "To Him belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth. He gives life and causes death, and He has power over all things. He is the First and the Last, and the Outer and the Inner, and He has knowledge of all things." (57:2-3).

Secondly: (yourselves) or (your souls/'selves') in the Quranic text referring to people in general or a group of persons:

1- This is exemplified in the following verses about the sinners among the Israelites.

1/1: The Lord God told them the following: "Do you command people to virtuous conduct, and forget yourselves (or your souls), even though you read the Book? Do you not understand?" (2:44); "...Is it that whenever a messenger comes to you with anything your souls (or your 'selves') do not desire, you grew arrogant, calling some impostors, and killing others?" (2:87).

1/2: Moses told them the following: "... “O my people, you have done wrong to yourselves (wronged your souls) by worshiping the calf..." (2:54); "If you work righteousness, you work righteousness for yourselves (or your souls); and if you commit evil, you do so against yourselves (or your souls)..." (17:7).

2- The term (yourselves) or (your souls/'selves') comes here in the metonymical sense of [one another]; i.e., the souls is employed within metonymy to indicate some people: "But here you are, killing your own souls (yourselves), and expelling a group of your own from their homes - conspiring against them in injustices and aggression. And if they come to you as captives, you ransom them, although it was forbidden to you. Is it that you believe in part of the Book, and disbelieve in part?..." (2:85). By the way, this verse is about a historical fact never mentioned by historians of Arabia; i.e., Israelites who lived in Arabia at one time fought one another and enslaved and captured one another; they forced some others among their defeated parties to leave their homes.

Souls and the Human Beings

Introduction:

1- As per our own Quranist research methodology, we infer that the Quranic terms [man] or [human being(s)] refer to the vast majority of humanity who are both misguided and misguiding; both Quranic terms do not refer to all humanity. Verses containing both terms indicate general rules about the vast majority of people in all eras; in most cases exceptions are mentioned the very next verse in the same Quranic context. This idea of exception (i.e., the exception of the few apart from the vast majority) is exemplified here about Desert Arabs or Bedouins of Arabia: "The Desert-Arabs are the most steeped in disbelief and hypocrisy, and the most likely to ignore the limits that God revealed to His Messenger. God is Knowing and Wise. And among the Desert-Arabs are those who consider their contribution to be a fine. And they wait for a reversal of your fortunes. Upon them will fall the cycle of misfortune. God is Hearing and Knowing. Yet among the Desert-Arabs are those who believe in God and the Last Day, and consider their contribution to be a means towards God, and the prayers of the Messenger. Surely it will draw them closer, and God will admit them into His mercy. God is Forgiving and Compassionate." (9:97-99).

2- This applies to the Quranic discourse about [man] or [human being(s)]. This is a lengthy topic, but we will summarize it in the points below.

Firstly: human beings are created in two components: souls and bodies:

At the very beginning, the Lord God created all souls of all human beings in Barsakh; when the Holy Spirit Gabriel breathed the soul of Adam into his body, Adam became alive, and as per the command of the Lord God, all angels of the Upper Realm prostrated to Adam: "We created you, then We shaped you, then We said to the angels, “Prostrate before Adam;” so they bowed down, except for Iblis; he was not of those who prostrated." (7:11). All of them obeyed the command except Iblis who later on became Satan. From the soul of Adam, his wife was created: "O people! Fear your Lord, who created you from a single soul, and created from it its mate, and propagated from them many men and women..." (4:1). Adam and his wife, after their descent unto the earth, begot many children and their progeny multiplied; each soul is breathed into the embryo to form a human being in a certain unique image and shape: "It is He who forms you in the wombs as He wills. There is no God except He, the Almighty, the Wise." (3:6). This means the real person is the soul; this soul wears a body of human flesh created from dust/mud of the earth.

Secondly: the creation of the human bodies:

1- All living creatures are created essentially from different types of water; the bodies of human beings (and all earthly creatures) are created from mud: dust + water (i.e., H₂O): "...And We made from water every living thing..." (21:30); "God created every living creature from water..." (24:45).

2- All bodies of all human beings are created from dust; this applies to Adam and his descendants: "The likeness of Jesus in God’s sight is that of Adam: He created him from dust, then said to him, “Be,” and he was." (3:59); "And of His signs is that He created you from dust; and behold, you become humans spreading out." (30:20). The Holy Spirit Gabriel carried the divine command (Be) and breathed the soul of Adam into his body; Adam has no parents; likewise, he Holy Spirit Gabriel carried the divine command (Be) and Jesus was created from the womb of his mother without a biological father.

3- Thus, mud (dust + water) is the material from which bodies of human beings is created: "Your Lord said to the angels, “I am creating a human being from mud." (38:71); "He who perfected everything He created, and originated the creation of man from mud." (32:7).

4- Our focus here is on the fact that Adam is described as a man and a human being.

5- The descendants of Adam begot children; they consumed food items made of the mud/soil of the earth; these food items turn into ova and sperm; this means procreation is still based on the same origin: mud (dust + water). "He who perfected everything He created, and originated the creation of man from mud. Then made his reproduction from an extract of an insignificant fluid. Then He proportioned him, and breathed into him of His Spirit. Then He gave you the hearing, and the eyesight, and the brains - but rarely do you give thanks." (32:7-9); "God created you from dust, then from a small drop; then He made you pairs. No female conceives, or delivers, except with His knowledge. No living thing advances in years, or its life is shortened, except it be in a Record. That is surely easy for God." (35:11).

6- This is about changes that occur to mud in the process of creation: "He created man from hard clay, like bricks. And created the jinn from a fusion of fire." (55:14-15); "We created the human being from clay, from molded mud. And the jinn We created before, from piercing fire." (15:26-27).

7- We focus here on the fact that the physical bodies of the human beings differ from bodies of angels and jinn; Iblis the angel who became Satan the Devil hated Adam and felt superior over it: "...“I am better than he; You created me from fire, and You created him from mud.”" (7:12); "He said, “I am better than he; You created me from fire, and You created him from mud.”" (38:76); "...they prostrated, except for Satan. He said, “Shall I bow down before someone You created from mud?”" (17:61).

8- This is about the stages of the creation of human bodies and how sperms that inseminate ova determine the sexes of the embryos as per the Lord God's command: "We created man from an extract of mud. Then We made him a seed, in a secure repository. Then We developed the seed into a clot. Then We developed the clot into a lump. Then We developed the lump into bones. Then We clothed the bones with flesh. Then We produced it into another creature. Most Blessed is God, the Best of creators." (23:12-14); "And that it is He who created the two kinds - the male and the female.From a sperm drop, when emitted." (53:45-46).

9- Adam's soul was taught and inculcated by the Lord God and this makes human beings above all non-human creatures of the earth: "And He taught Adam the names, all of them;..." (2:31); "He created man. And taught him clear expression." (55:3-4); "Taught man what he never knew." (96:5).

10- We focus here on the fact that teaching was for the souls and not the bodies of the humankind.

11- The Barsakh ethereal creatures known as souls are imprisoned in weak physical bodies of flesh which are easily fatigued; the rest of souls is their temporary visits to Barsakh during deep slumber: "We created man and imposed fatigue on him." (90:4); "...for man was created weak." (4:28); "God takes the souls at the time of their death, and those that have not died during their sleep. He retains those for which He has decreed death, and He releases the others until a predetermined time. In that are signs for people who reflect. " (39:42).

12- We focus here on the fact that during slumber, people are unconscious and are not tested; they do not perform deeds which are part of their responsibility; likewise, insane people are not responsible for their deeds since their souls do not control their bodies.

Thirdly: the test and responsibility are for the souls of human beings:

Being responsible for one's deeds is part of the test of life of souls (not bodies) as per their capacity. This test is for souls which control the bodies and its instincts, appetites, and lusts. "We created man from a liquid mixture, to test him; and We made him hearing and seeing.We guided him to the way, be he thankful or disbelieving/ungrateful." (76:2-3). This is why the Quranic preaching is addressed to the aware souls and not to bodies: "O man! What deluded you concerning your Lord, the Most Generous? He Who created you, and formed you, and proportioned you? In whatever shape He willed, He assembled you." (82:6-8); "O man! You are laboring towards your Lord, and you will meet Him." (84:6); "We have entrusted the human being with the care of his parents. His mother carried him through hardship upon hardship, weaning him in two years. So give thanks to Me, and to your parents. To Me is the destination." (31:14); "We have advised the human being to be good to his parents. But if they urge you to associate with Me something you have no knowledge of, do not obey them. To Me is your return; and I will inform you of what you used to do." (29:8); "We have enjoined upon man kindness to his parents. His mother carried him with difficulty, and delivered him with difficulty. His bearing and weaning takes thirty months..." (46:15).

Fourthly: bad traits of most human beings in general:

Sadly, in most cases, most souls prefer sinning to piety; this is the tragedy of humanity; this is why the Quranic terms [human being(s)] and (man) means the vast majority of people in all eras and not all and every single person in the following Quranic contexts about bad traits and sins.

"If We give the human being a taste of mercy from Us, and then withdraw it from him, he becomes despairing and ungrateful." (11:9); "When We bless the human being, he turns away and distances himself. But when adversity touches him, he is in despair." (17:83); "Whenever adversity touches the human being, he prays to Us - reclining on his side, or sitting, or standing. But when We have relieved his adversity from him, he goes away, as though he had never called on Us for trouble that had afflicted him. Thus the deeds of the transgressors appear good to them." (10:12); "When some adversity touches the human being, he prays to his Lord, repenting to Him. But then, when He confers on him a grace of His, he forgets what he was praying for before, and he attributes rivals to God, in order to lead astray from His way. Say, “Enjoy your disbelief for a little while; you will be among the inmates of the Fire.”" (39:8); "...The human being has always been stingy." (17:100); "The human being prays for evil as he prays for good. The human being is very hasty." (17:11); "...The human being is unjust and tend to disbelieve." (14:34); "He created the human being from a drop of fluid, yet he becomes an arguing, open adversary." (16:4).

Fifthly: exceptions are among few human beings, in all eras, who adhere to piety:

These are few verses, among so many, which exemplify this: "Man was created restless. Touched by adversity, he is fretful." (70:19-20); "Except the prayerful. Those who are constant at their prayers. And those in whose wealth is a rightful share. For the beggar and the deprived. And those..." (70:22-26); "We created man in the best design. Then reduced him to the lowest of the low. Except those who believe and do righteous deeds; for them is a reward without end." (95:4-6); "By time.The human being is in loss. Except those who believe, and do good works, and encourage truth, and recommend patience." (103:1-3).

Sixthly: human beings in the Hereafter:

1- All deeds, thoughts, feelings, and words of souls are recorded by angels in this world and this will decide the fate of each human soul: "For every person We have attached his fate to his neck. And on the Day of Resurrection, We will bring out for him a book which he will find spread open." (17:13); "And that the human being attains only what he strives for. And that his efforts will be witnessed. Then he will be rewarded for it the fullest reward." (53:39-41). Souls will be resurrected in the Hereafter; the Lord God refutes the stance of deniers of the Hereafter here: "Does man think that We will not reassemble his bones? Yes indeed; We are Able to reconstruct his fingertips. But man wants to deny what is ahead of him." (75:3-5) the fingers and bones here are of the souls and not of the bodies. "Perish man! How disbelieving he is! From what did He create him? From a sperm drop He created him, and enabled him. Then He eased the way for him. Then He puts him to death, and buries him. Then, when He wills, He will resurrect him." (80:17-22); "Let man consider what he was created from. He was created from gushing liquid...He is certainly able to return him. On the Day when the secrets are disclosed. He will have no strength, and no supporter." (86:5-10).

2- The souls are the ones which will be resurrected on the Last Day and not their physical bodies of flesh which turned into dust and this dust is destroyed when the Hour takes place to destroy the earth and the whole universe. The resurrected souls will be clothed in new, eternal bodies woven of their deeds.

Souls and the Human Bodies

Human beings vacillate and fluctuate among many opposing dualities: evil and charity, disobedience and obedience, day and night, the visible and invisible, piety and sins,...etc. Yet, the most important duality in our existence is the body and soul. We trace this duality within the Quranic text, to get to know the Quranic features of it, in the points below.

Firstly: human souls are not "spirits":

1- It is a common mistake in Arabic and in other tongues that people assume that souls and spirits are synonymous; human souls are not spirits. Human beings are souls and bodies and NOT spirits and bodies. The Quranic term (Holy Spirit) refers to the archangel Gabriel whose mission is to breathe souls into human fetuses like he did with Adam; his previous mission was to carry Divine Revelation to prophets and messengers of the Lord God. Because the Holy Spirit is linked with the Quran and the creation of Jesus, both the Quran and Jesus are described in the Quranic text sometimes as (the spirit) because Jesus was created and the Quran descended as per the Divine Command of the Lord God. Another mission for Gabriel is to give reassurance to believers in certain dangerous situations esp. military self-defense against aggressors. This is why the archangel Gabriel has a special position in the Upper Realm; he carries the Divine Command (Be); his missions as the head of the angels include making preordained fates descend every Night of Decree during Ramadan; for more details about this, see our book found, in English and in French respectively, on the following links:

http://www.ahl-alquran.com/arabic/book_main.php?main_id=112

http://www.ahl-alquran.com/arabic/book_main.php?main_id=141

2- The Quranic Discourse about human beings or humanity is always linked to souls and not to bodies; the real persons are the souls and not the garments of flesh they wear temporarily and leave it for good in death before they return to Barsakh. Let us exemplify this: "O people! Fear your Lord, who created you from a single soul, and created from it its mate..." (4:1); "And the soul and He who proportioned it. And inspired it with its wickedness and its righteousness." (91:7-8); "Your creation and your resurrection are only as a single soul..." (31:28); "God takes the souls at the time of their death, and those that have not died during their sleep. He retains those for which He has decreed death, and He releases the others until a predetermined time. In that are signs for people who reflect." (39:42); "On the Day when every soul will come pleading for itself, and every soul will be paid in full for what it has done, and they will not be wronged." (16:111); "And every soul will come forward, accompanied by a driver and a witness." (50:21).

Secondly: annihilation and the Eternal Life:

Monotheism of (There is no God but Allah) is inculcated into the Barsakh DNA, innate nature, and the instincts of all human souls: "And when Your Lord summoned the descendants of Adam, and made them testify about themselves. “Am I not your Lord?” They said, “Yes, we testify.” Thus you cannot say on the Day of Resurrection, “We were unaware of this.”" (7:172); "So devote yourself to the religion of monotheism - the natural instinct God has instilled in the humankind..." (30:30). Part of this is what is called now conscience or superego; all human beings, despite different eras and regions, share the higher values of truth, charity, and justice/fairness. Thus, in sum, human souls are tested during their lifetimes on earth while being clothed in human flesh; each soul dies in predetermined time; souls return to Barsakh, their original place, and bodies turn into dust from which they were created. Souls will be resurrected for Judgment and then eternity either in Hell or in Paradise.

Thirdly: the frailty of the human body in contrast to the eternal soul of all human beings:

1- The human flesh is weak: "......for man was created weak." (4:28), whereas the eternal soul which controls the human body is strong; this fact is reflected upon by reasonable people only. Each of us should recommend our souls by monotheism, piety, and many good deeds by making our focus on souls and not on bodies with their lusts, appetites, and instincts that tend to make human beings forget the natural instinct of souls: "...monotheism - the natural instinct God has instilled in the humankind..." (30:30).

2- Even if science controls and defeats any sickness, diseases, viruses,...etc., science cannot slow down aging or prevent death: "God is He Who created you weak, then after weakness gave you strength, then after strength gave you weakness and gray hair. He creates whatever He wills. He is the Omniscient, the Omnipotent." (30:54).

3- In contrast to bodies, souls never grew older or weaker even during infancy and during old age of senility when one sleeps a lot and is mostly lacks consciousness: "Whomever We grant old age, We reverse his development. Do they not understand?" (36:68); "God brought you out of your mothers’ wombs, not knowing anything; and He gave you the hearing, and the eyesight, and the brains; that you may give thanks." (16:78); "O people! If you are in doubt about the Resurrection - We created you from dust, then from a small drop, then from a clinging clot, then from a lump of flesh, partly developed and partly undeveloped. In order to clarify things for you. And We settle in the wombs whatever We will for a designated term, and then We bring you out as infants, until you reach your full strength. And some of you will pass away, and some of you will be returned to the vilest age, so that he may not know, after having known..." (22:5).

Fourthly: sleep, sickness, and food:

1- The human body needs rest not only from fatigue or hard physical activities but from the existence of the human soul inside it. This is why we sleep; deep slumber allows the soul to leave for a short while the prison known as the human flesh to visit Barsakh; it is said that nearly half of one's lifetime is spent in sleep. No human beings can do without sleep; prolonged sleep deprivation leads to insanity and death; sleep allows the cells of the frail human body to renew themselves. Sickness and diseases of the body influence the soul and psychological ailments of souls influence the body as per the recent psychosomatic studies. "And of His signs are your sleep by night and day, and your pursuit of His bounty. In this are signs for people who listen." (30:23).

2- The Quranic Discourse about sickness and healing concerns both souls and bodies; the sickness of souls is polytheism and disbelief resulted from denying the Divine Truth; this is about hypocrites: "In their hearts is sickness, and God has increased their sickness. They will have a painful torment because of their denial." (2:10). Human bodies need food to be able to live and to function; it is a daily miracle in our lives that we consume and digest food and defecate and urinate within good health; any malfunction in any of such processes endangers our lives and when one is bedridden and needs enemas, injections,...etc., one realizes how weak human bodies are and yet they are arrogant and proud! This is about Abraham talking about the Lord God: "He who feeds me, and waters me. And when I get sick, He heals me." (26:79-80).

3- The Quranic Discourse has its unique great style in talking about food and bodily needs of human beings in relation to the Oneness of the Lord God; He does not need us, mortals, while mortals need Him: "Say, “He is God, the One. God, the Absolute. He begets not, nor was He begotten. And there is nothing comparable to Him.”" (112:1-4). In fact, all human beings need their Lord God in all the processes of consumption and digestion of food and then defecation and urination. Of course, food is made of the earth and its natural elements from which the human bodies are created.

4- We emphasize the following facts.

4/1: The frailty of the transient human bodies is in contrast to the eternal souls which control such bodies. This must be reflected on by those who have reasonable minds.

4/2: Souls return to Barsakh temporarily every day during sleep of living people.

4/3: The current civilization of the West focuses only on the physical bodies and disregard the souls because one cannot study souls within empiricism.

Fifthly: bodies and souls in relation to the notions of (test of life) and (choice):

Thus, human beings control their souls and bodies, to a certain extent, and only within freedom of choice and free will granted to them by the Lord God; they can choose sinning or obedience, wickedness or piety, misguidance or guidance, polytheism or monotheism...etc. They choose (not) to follow Quranic sharia laws of the Lord God which regulates pleasures of this world and defines what the prohibited and permissible items are. This is the test of life: "We created man from a liquid mixture, to test him; and We made him hearing and seeing." (76:2). Yet, in contrast, the human bodies are the center of temptation; there are aspects and fates regarding the body which cannot be controlled by the soul; e.g., the vital organs and their cells in the human body function or stop as per the Divine Will; souls are like drivers of cars known as the bodies or garments of flesh. This is about guidance and misguidance within freedom of choice which is the basis of the test and the Judgment. The body is the domain/field of the soul to perform and practice (dis)obedience as per free will granted to the souls. Losers in the Hereafter regret their being heedless as they never performed (enough) good deeds which would have woven their eternal bodies fit for the Eternal Life in Paradise: "He will say, “If only I had forwarded for my life.”" (89:24).

Sixthly: cloning and the myth of reincarnation within the Indian religions:

1- One of the sillies religious myths is about souls of the dead reincarnated in plants, animals, or other living human bodies; this myth of Indian religions (and the horrid idea of castes or class distinction by birth) is repeated in some Shiite tenets of the Qarmatians and in some Sufi orders. The Quran refutes such myth by asserting the fact that the soul wears only one physical body on earth and will leave it for good in death as it will remain in a Barsakh tomb until the Resurrection Day and the Day of Judgment.

2- The religions of the spiritual East focus on the souls too much that they deny and negate bodies; this negation is manifested in the silly notion of reincarnation. In contrast, the West civilization focuses too much on bodies that they deny and negate souls which cannot be studied within empiricism in laboratories. The scientists in the West deal with people as mere bodies controlled by brains; they never realize that brains and bodies are controlled by souls; even psychology cannot study the human souls; the scientists in the West cannot imagine how souls leave the bodies temporarily during madness, slumber, and comas.

3- Hence, the human souls differ from souls which move and control non-human creatures on earth; human beings are responsible for their deeds and are tested in life as long as they are awake/conscious; the body has its aspects of life which go on without the control of souls; e.g., during sleep, comas, and bouts of madness. Some people who are in a state of clinical death cannot be revived by any medical machines if their souls leave their bodies forever. Cloning may produce human cells, organs, or body parts (i.e., spare parts) but they will remain devoid of souls; souls cannot be made in the laboratories; hence, scientists will never be able to create a human being with a soul. Souls are breathed into fetuses by the Holy Spirit Gabriel as per the Lord God's commands. This is beyond human capacity or power.

The Soul Is the Center of Cognition and Not the Brain

Introduction:

Souls are like drivers of cars known as bodies; without souls, such cars/bodies are lifeless chassis or mass/frame. Hence, souls are the true persons and not their bodies; they choose evil or piety, (mis)guidance, (mis)deeds, (dis)obedience,...etc. Souls love, hate, (dis)like, think, feel tired, reminisce,...etc. and not the bodies or the brain. The souls control the brains which are the control rooms of the bodies. This does not mean that the role of bodies is to be considered as minor; souls are alive only when clothed in human flesh, of course. souls in timeless Barsakh never move and never sense/feel anything. This is about the dead human beings: "They are dead, not alive; and they do not know when they will be resurrected." (16:21). In the points below, we provide some Quranic facts about the human soul as the center of cognition.

Firstly: the human soul is the one that tastes pain:

1- Pain and fatigue are transmitted from the body to the brain or rather to the soul which controls the brain: "...territory you could not have reached without great hardship to your souls..." (16:7).

2- Souls are the ones which taste death.

The Lord God says the following in the Quran: "Every soul will have a taste of death, and you will receive your recompense on the Day of Resurrection. Whoever is swayed from the Fire, and admitted to Paradise, has won. The life of this world is merely enjoyment of delusion." (3:185); "Every soul will taste death. We burden you with adversity and prosperity - a test. And to Us you will be returned." (21:35); "Every soul will taste death. Then to Us you will be returned." (29:57). This is about death of hypocrites: "Let neither their possessions nor their children impress you. God intends to torment them through them in this worldly life, and that their souls depart while they are disbelievers." (9:55); "Do not let their possessions and their children impress you. God desires to torment them through them in this world, and their souls depart while they are disbelievers." (9:85).

Secondly: murder is done, in fact, for the souls and not the bodies:

Since souls experience death, they feel being murdered. Some fatal wounds and diseases stop the body from functioning properly within its role as the garment of the soul; death occurs accordingly. The same occurs when murdered people experience death; it is the death of souls and not bodies. Let us exemplify this within the Quranic verses.

1- Within sharia laws: "...do not kill the soul..." (6:151 + 17:32); "...and do not kill the soul which God has made sacred - except in the pursuit of justice..." (25:68); "...And do not kill your souls, for God is Merciful towards you." (4:29); "Because of that We ordained for the Israelites: that whoever kills a soul - unless it is for murder or corruption on earth - it is as if he killed the whole of the humankind..." (5:32).

2- Within Quranic stories: "...And you killed a soul, but We saved you from stress..." (20:40); "...“Did you kill a pure soul, who killed no one? You have done something terrible.”" (18:74); "And recall when you killed a soul, and disputed in the matter; but God was to expose what you were hiding." (2:72).

Thirdly: souls are the ones which experience pleasure:

1- During having marital sex, the bodies seem to be the focus of spouses; yet, in fact, it is souls which experience pleasure. Souls feel the urge to have sex and enjoy it through the medium of the bodies; this is in contrast to animals and other non-human creatures on earth which have sex to multiply only. Sexual pleasure outside wedlock is fornication/adultery prohibited in the Quranic/Islamic sharia laws. Human souls need preparation to enjoy sex and to get erections; e.g., most men feel disgusted by naked bodies of old women but they feel sexual arousal when seeing a photo of semi-naked young women; yet, a man never feel sexually aroused when he sees bare legs of his sister or mother. Women's souls also need to be prepared properly for martial sex: "Your women are cultivation for you; so approach your cultivation whenever you like, and send ahead for your souls..." (2:223). This means souls are the center of feeling any degree of sexual pleasure; even sexual fantasies (for men and women) pertain to souls and not bodies.

2- Without preparing souls of both men and women for sexual arousal, the bodies remain sexually neutral and unresponsive. In the story of Joseph and the Potiphar's wife, souls are the ones mentioned (and not the bodies) as being seduced, urged, and tempted to experience carnal pleasure and physical love: "She in whose house he was living tried to seduce his soul..." (12:22); "He said, “It was she who tried to seduce my soul.”..." (12:26); "Some ladies in the city said, “The Potiphar's wife is trying to seduce her servant's soul. She is deeply in love with him...She said, “Here he is, the one you blamed me for. I did try to seduce his soul, but he resisted..." (12:30-32); " He said, “What was the matter with you, women, when you tried to seduce Joseph's soul?” They said, “God forbid! We knew of no evil committed by him.” The Potiphar's wife then said, “Now the truth is out. It was I who tried to seduce his soul, and he is telling the truth.”" (12:51).

Fourthly: souls experience souls experience all sentiments/feelings:

1- The Lord God says the following in the Holy Quran: "…They follow nothing but assumptions, and whims their souls desire, even though guidance has come to them from their Lord." (53:23); "But as for him who feared the Standing of his Lord, and restrained the soul from whims and desires. Then Paradise is the shelter." (79:40-41); "...Therein is whatever the souls desire and delights the eyes..." (43:71); "...Souls are prone to stinginess..." (4:128); "...it was just a need in the soul of Jacob, which he carried out...." (12:68).

2- The soul of Muhammad experienced sorrow because he was keen on guiding the disbelievers and the Lord God has reproached him: "Perhaps you may destroy your soul with grief, chasing after them, if they do not believe in this Discourse." (18:6); "...Therefore, do not waste your soul sorrowing over them. God knows exactly what they do." (35:8); "Perhaps you will destroy your soul with grief, because they do not become believers." (26:3).

3- Most verses about Moses show that his soul experienced fear very much in many instances because he was brought up in a society of terror and tyranny; this is exemplified here: "So Moses felt apprehensive within his soul." (20:67).

3- For more details about other sentiments experienced by the human soul, we refer readers to this article of ours in English found on the following link:

http://www.ahl-alquran.com/English/show_article.php?main_id=18480

Fifthly: the soul in relation to memory and secrets:

1- One's secrets are kept in the soul and not in the brain they are known only to the Omniscient Lord God; they will be known on the Last Day: "Your Lord knows best what is in your souls..." (17:25); "...He knows the secret and the most hidden." (20:7); "We created the human being, and We know what his soul whispers to him. We are nearer to him than his jugular vein." (50:16); " On the Day when the secrets are disclosed." (86:9). The Omniscient Lord God in many Quranic stories informs us of ideas and intentions in the souls of good and bad people. Since the application of Quranic sharia laws is based on piety, the Lord God will judge our secrets and intentions: "...And know that God knows what is in your souls, so beware of Him within piety..." (2:235); "To God belongs everything in the heavens and the earth. Whether you reveal what is within your souls, or conceal it, God will judge you for it..." (2:284).

Human Bodies Are Not Free, But the Souls Are Free

Introduction:

1- Souls control bodies like drivers riding cars; hence, souls use the bodies to (dis)obey, to (dis)believe, and to be (mis)guided; souls choose this freely. Sols have free will and freedom of choice.

2- Sadly, the vast majority of human souls in all eras choose misguidance and polytheism: "And most of them do not believe in God unless as polytheists." (12:106). This is how the polytheistic Muhammadans assume wrongly that they are 'Muslims'/monotheists but they worship thousands of deified mortals within the Sufi, Sunnite, and Shiite religions. Their souls have chosen misguidance.

3- The souls are created as free agents and they are never forced to side with guidance; this is the responsibility and the test of life: "Had We willed, We could have given every soul its guidance, but the declaration from Me will come true: “I will fill Hell with jinn and humans, altogether.”" (32:13); it is a Quranic fact, based on the Lord God's Omniscience, that most of human beings and jinn misuse this freedom and will enter into Hell.

4- This freedom means bearing full responsibility for one's fate in the Hereafter. The test of life goes on as long as one is alive; if punishment of sinful souls would be in this world witnessed by living people, no one would sin. The test lies in the fact that Judgment is postponed until the Last Day; yet, most souls in all eras are sinners because they disbelieve in the Last Day especially by portraying a false narrative of it filled with intercessions and indulgences; this falsehood is shared among the polytheistic Christians and the polytheistic Muhammadans who cling to sanctified clergymen of Satan. We provide some details in the points below.

Firstly: guidance is of two types:

It is part of the Lord God's divine commands/decrees and fates that life and death are created along with the universe; this cannot be controlled by people; they cannot interfere in this. Creatures are involuntarily guided (i.e., provided with instincts) by the Lord God to eat and multiply and live in a certain way and so are human beings; their vital organs work (or stop working) in spite of themselves. This is the first type of guidance on which no human beings will be judged. "He said, “Our Lord is He who gave everything its existence, then guided it.”" (20:50); "He who creates and regulates. He who measures and guides." (87:2-3). The other type of guidance is linked to belief/faith within Celestial Books of the Lord God and His sharia laws; there are free will and freedom of choice here; souls freely choose to take heed or remain heedless, to (dis)believe, and to be (mis)guided. Souls will see the outcome for their choices on the Last Day: "God commands justice,... And He forbids immorality,...He advises you, so that you may take heed." (16:90).

Secondly: how the imposed guidance (instincts) and faith guidance within sharia overlap within the human soul:

1- Although the soul controls and moves the body to commit sins or good deeds, it cannot control vital organs of the body by changing their pace or function or to stop their being diseased; this is part of preordained, inevitable fates which are never part of Judgment on the Last Day.

2- Thus, the soul willingly perform (or not) acts of worship as per sharia within certain excuses and ability; the Lord God mentions in the Quran several times that He does not burden a soul beyond its capacity; there is no blame for the ill, the crippled, and the blind; those of sickly constitution may not fast during Ramadan; ill people may pray while sitting on a chair or while lying in bed; those who cannot perform ablution with water can use a clean kerchief (i.e., Tayammum); this is not to mention many ways of ease/facilitation in pilgrimage. The souls of pious, guided people decide how and when and what to do regarding applying the Quranic commands of the Omniscient Lord God.

Thirdly: guidance for those who are willing to be guided :

Most people misunderstand the Quran by assuming that the Lod God (mis)guides human beings randomly as per His Will; this is sheer blasphemy; the Quran tells us that the Divine Will asserts choices made freely by souls within their own free will; the Lord God increases the (mis)guidance of those willing and seeking to be (mis)guided. The Lord God endorses the human soul's will and choices. "What of him whose evil deed was made attractive to him, and so he regards it as good? God leads astray those willing to be misguided, and He guides those willing to be guided. Therefore, do not waste your soul sorrowing over them. God knows exactly what they do." (35:8); "You cannot guide whom you love, but God guides who is willing to be guided, and He knows best those who are guided." (28:56); "...He guides those willing to be guided to a Straight Path." (2:142 + 2:213); "Their guidance is not your responsibility, but God guides those who are willing to be guided..." (2:272) "In their hearts is sickness, and God has increased their sickness. They will have a painful torment because of their denial." (2:10); "As for those who are guided, He increases them in guidance, and He has granted them their righteousness." (47:17); "God increases in guidance those who accept guidance. And the things that endure - the righteous deeds - have the best reward with your Lord, and the best outcome." (19:76); "As for those who strive for Us - We will guide them in Our ways. God is with the doers of good." (29:69); "This is a Reminder; so whoever wills, let him take a Path to his Lord." (76:29). This applies to the Lord God's approval of kings since nations approved such rulers for themselves; see 2:258 and 18:79. The Lord God has sent Moses to Pharaoh and not to the Egyptians because the Egyptian nation, for millennia until now, is controlled by enthroned pharaohs. Some nations seek change and the Divine Will endorses their choice of change: "...God does not change the condition of a people until they change what is within their souls..." (13:11). This change entails changing souls by making them submit to the Creator and not to any mortals who claim being powerful. The Lord God allows nations to use iron (symbol for force and weapons) to impose the upholding of justice if enthroned tyrants never desire to adhere to justice which is the reason why the Celestial Books were revealed: "We sent Our messengers with the clear proofs, and We sent down with them the Book and the Balance, that humanity may uphold justice. And We sent down iron, in which is violent force, and benefits for humanity. That God may know who supports Him and His messengers invisibly. God is Strong and Powerful." (57:25).

Fourthly: the freedom of souls is asserted in the Lord God's Word: the Holy Quran:

"And say, “The Truth is from your Lord. Whoever wills - let him believe. And whoever wills - let him disbelieve”..." (18:29); "If you disbelieve, God is Independent of you, yet He does not approve disbelief on the part of His servants. And if you are thankful, He will approve that in you..." (39:7); "There shall be no compulsion in religion; the right way has become distinct from the wrong way..." (2:256); "Those who despise Our Verses are not hidden from Us. Is he who is hurled into the Fire better? Or he who arrives safely on the Day of Resurrection? Do as you please; He is Seeing of everything you do." (41:40); "Say, “It is God I worship, sincere in dedicating my religion to Him.” “But you can worship whatever you wish besides Him.” Say, “The losers are those who lose their souls and their people on the Day of Resurrection.” That is indeed the obvious loss." (39:14-15); "Say, “O my people! Work according to your ability, and so will I.”..." (6:135); "And say to those who do not believe, “Act according to your ability; and so will we.” “And wait; we too are waiting.”" (11:121-122); "Say: “O my people, work according to your ability; and so will I. Then you will know." (39:39).

The Personal Responsibility of Human Souls

Firstly: the freedom assigned to souls to choose (mis)guidance is followed by responsibility:

The Quran emphasizes the responsibility of souls for the choices made in this world regarding beliefs and deeds since, as per Quranic warnings and glad tidings, all souls will be judged on the Last Day and losers will end up in Hell for eternity and winners will enter into Paradise abiding therein forever.

The Lord God says the following in the Holy Quran: "And say, “The Truth is from your Lord. Whoever wills - let him believe. And whoever wills - let him disbelieve” We have prepared for the unjust a Fire, whose curtains will hem them in. And when they cry for relief, they will be relieved with water like molten brass, which scalds the faces. What a miserable drink, and what a terrible place. As for those who believe and lead a righteous life - We will not waste the reward of those who work righteousness. These will have the Gardens of Eden, beneath which rivers flow. Reclining on comfortable furnishings, they will be adorned with bracelets of gold, and will wear green garments of silk and brocade. What a wonderful reward, and what an excellent resting-place." (18:29-31); "Those who despise Our Verses are not hidden from Us. Is he who is hurled into the Fire better? Or he who arrives safely on the Day of Resurrection? Do as you please; He is Seeing of everything you do." (41:40).

Secondly: souls are punished or recompensed in this world as per their deeds, and if punished, this goes on for eternity in Hell in case of non-repentance:

1- Moses told the Israelites the following: "If you work righteousness, you work righteousness for yourselves (or your souls); and if you commit evil, you do so against yourselves (or your souls)..." (17:7).

2- The stingy souls who hate charity are harming themselves as they are deprived by the Lord God from many bounties such as health and they are inflicted with losses, ordeals, and calamities; when the die without sincere repentance, what they have amassed will be the means to torment them inside Hell. "Here you are, being called to spend in the cause of God. Among you are those who withhold; but whoever withholds is withholding against his own soul. God is the Rich, while you are the needy. And if you turn away, He will replace you with another people, and they will not be like you." (47:38); "On the Day when they will be heated in the Fire of Hell, then their foreheads, and their sides, and their backs will be branded with them: “This is what you hoarded for yourselves; so taste what you used to hoard.”" (9:35). In contrast, those who spend for charity to please their Lord God will be rewarded in this world and in the Hereafter: "Say, “My Lord extends the provision to whomever He wills of His servants, or withholds it. Anything you spend, He will replace it. He is the Best of providers.”" (34:39); "Who is he who will offer God a generous loan, so He will multiply it for him manifold? God receives and amplifies, and to Him you will be returned." (2:245); "If you lend God a good loan, He will multiply it for you, and will forgive you. God is Appreciative and Forbearing." (64:17); "Who is he who will lend God a loan of goodness, that He may double it for him, and will have a generous reward?" (57:11); "The charitable men and charitable women, who have loaned God a loan of righteousness - it will be multiplied for them, and for them is a generous reward." (57:18).

3- Enthroned tyrants are the big criminals who commit grave injustices and acts of aggression and they murder thousands of people; the small criminals get arrested and penalized/imprisoned; they are hated by law-abiding citizens. Yet, the enthroned tyrannical rulers who torment the innocent people, steal and smuggle the wealth of their nations, and massacre many citizens are rarely tried in court and punished; they will enter into Hell in the Hereafter; they maintain their thrones by scheming and they are constantly fighting against their power-seeking rivals; eventually their evil scheming causes their downfall; since 2010, we see the ouster and toppling of several Arab tyrants. "And thus We set up in every city its big criminals, to scheme in it, but they scheme only against their own souls, and they do not realize it." (6:123); "Do not ever think that God is unaware of what the unjust ones do. He only defers them until a Day when the sights stare." (14:42). This is a genera Quranic rule: "But then, when He has saved them, they commit violations on earth, and oppose justice. O people! Your violations are against your own souls. It is the enjoyment of the present life. Then to Us is your return, and We will inform you of what you used to do." (10:23).

Thirdly: in sum, souls are punished or recompensed in the Hereafter as per their deeds:

The Lord God says the following in the Holy Quran: "That God may repay each soul according to what it has earned. God is Quick in Judgment." (14:51); "God created the heavens and the earth with justice, so that every soul will be repaid for what it has earned. And they will not be wronged." (45:22); "On that Day, no soul will be wronged in the least, and you will be recompensed only for what you used to do." (36:54); "The Hour is coming - but I keep it almost hidden - so that each soul will be paid for what it endeavors." (20:15); "...on the Day of Resurrection. Then every soul will be paid in full for what it has earned, and they will not be wronged." (3:161); "On the Day when every soul will come pleading for itself, and every soul will be paid in full for what it has done, and they will not be wronged." (16:111); "And every soul will be fully compensated for what it had done. He is well aware of what they do." (39:70); "On that Day, every soul will be recompensed for what it had earned..." (40:17); "...Every person is hostage to what he has earned." (52:21); ''Every soul is hostage to what it has earned." (74:38).

Fourthly: more details about how souls are punished or recompensed in the Hereafter as per their deeds:

No soul(s) would be held responsible for the guidance of any other souls; in the Hereafter, those who seek guidance will be guided for their excellent reward, and the heedless, misguided losers will be led to their detriment and perdition. Even Muhammad was never responsible for guiding anyone among his contemporaries. Hence, the mission of any State is never to guide citizens, within religion, so that they enter into Paradise; rather, its mission is to prevent compulsion in religion. Being guided within Islam is a personal responsibility for each soul.

The Lord God says the following in the Holy Quran: "Say, “O people, the truth has come to you from your Lord. Whoever accepts guidance is guided for his own soul; and whoever strays only strays to its detriment. I am not a guardian over you.”" (10:108); "We sent down upon you the Book for the humankind in truth. He who follows guidance does so for the good of his soul. And he who strays in error does so to its detriment. You are not their overseer." (39:41); "... And whoever acts righteously - they are preparing for their souls." (30:44); "Whoever does a good deed, it is for his soul; and whoever commits evil, it is against it; then to your Lord you will be returned." (45:15); "Whoever acts righteously does so for his soul; and whoever works evil does so against his soul. Your Lord is not unjust to the servants." (41:46); "But whoever brings evil - their faces will be tumbled into the Fire. Will you be rewarded except for what you used to do?" (27:90); "...Whoever is thankful - is thankful for the benefit of his own soul..." (31:12); "Insights have come to you from your Lord. Whoever sees, it is to the benefit of his soul; and whoever remains blind, it is to its detriment..." (6:104); "...He who purifies his soul purifies it for his own good. To God is the ultimate return." (35:18); "...Whatever good you forward for your souls, you will find it with God. God is Seeing of everything you do." (2:110); "As for those who strive for Us - We will guide them in Our ways. God is with the doers of good." (29:6); "Say, “To God belongs the conclusive argument. Had He willed, He would have guided you all.”" (6:149); "Whoever commits evil, or wrongs his soul, then implores God for forgiveness, will find God Forgiving and Merciful. And Whoever earns a sin, earns it against his soul. God is Aware and Wise." (4:110-111).

Lastly: the loss of souls:

1- The souls who will be made to enter into Hell are lost; they are the losers.

2- The Lord God says the following about those losers: "...He will gather you to the Day of Resurrection, in which there is no doubt. Those who lost their souls do not believe." (6:12); "Those to whom We have given the Book recognize it as they recognize their own children; but those who have lost their souls do not believe." (6:20); "...it is they who have lost their souls, because they used to despise Our Verses." (7:9); "...those are they who have lost their souls; in Hell they will dwell forever." (23:103); "Are they waiting for anything but its fulfillment? The Day its fulfillment comes true, those who disregarded it before will say, “The messengers of our Lord did come with the Truth. Have we any intercessors to intercede for us? Or, could we be sent back, to behave differently from the way we behaved before?” They ruined their souls, and what they used to invent has failed them." (7:53); "Without a doubt, in the Hereafter, they will be the biggest losers." (11:21).

3- To lose anything in this world is easily bearable and one may gain something else; in contrast, to be among the losers in the Hereafter is an obvious and worst loss; it is total loss is for eternity; no Hell-dwellers will ever get out of Hell. "“But you can worship whatever you wish besides Him.” Say, “The losers are those who lose their souls and their people on the Day of Resurrection.” That is indeed the obvious loss." (39:15); "...Those who believed will say, “The losers are those who lost their souls and their families on the Day of Resurrection.” Indeed, the unjust ones are in a lasting torment." (42:45); this is about the Paradise dwellers: "“Enter it in peace and security.” And We will remove all ill-feelings from their souls - brothers and sisters, on couches facing one another." (15:46-47).

Lastly:

The Lord God is never unjust toward those who will lose their souls inside Hell; these souls have been unjust towards themselves by committing sins and following misguidance. God says the following about the Day of Judgment: "God does not wrong the people in the least, but the people wrong their own souls." (10:44). We refer our readers to our article, in English, about the Quranic verse 10:44, found on the following link:

http://www.ahl-alquran.com/English/show_article.php?main_id=18588

No One Is to Perform Acts of Worship on Behalf of Anyone Else (do no pray, fast, perform pilgrimage on behalf of others)

Quranic facts of Islam negates the Sunnite myth that someone can perform any acts of worship on behalf of someone else. Each soul is a free agent on earth and it has absolute religious freedom [to (dis)believe and to (dis)obey] combined with responsibility on the Last Day within outcome either in Hell or in Paradise: "And say, “The Truth is from your Lord. Whoever wills - let him believe. And whoever wills - let him disbelieve” We have prepared for the unjust a Fire, whose curtains will hem them in. And when they cry for relief, they will be relieved with water like molten brass, which scalds the faces. What a miserable drink, and what a terrible place. As for those who believe and lead a righteous life - We will not waste the reward of those who work righteousness. These will have the Gardens of Eden, beneath which rivers flow. Reclining on comfortable furnishings, they will be adorned with bracelets of gold, and will wear green garments of silk and brocade. What a wonderful reward, and what an excellent resting-place." (18:29-31); "Say, “Believe in it, or do not believe.”..." (17:107); "Those who despise Our Verses are not hidden from Us. Is he who is hurled into the Fire better? Or he who arrives safely on the Day of Resurrection? Do as you please; He is Seeing of everything you do." (41:40). No soul will carry the burdens of another soul; the Lord God will judge and settle our religious disputes on the Last Day: "...He who purifies his soul purifies it for his own good. To God is the ultimate return." (35:18); "...no soul bears the burdens of another. Then to your Lord is your return, then He will inform you regarding your disputes." (6:194); "...No burdened soul carries the burdens of another..." (17:15); "That no soul bears the burdens of another soul." (53:38); "If you disbelieve, God is Independent of you, yet He does not approve disbelief on the part of His servants. And if you are thankful, He will approve that in you..." (39:7).

To choose (mis)guidance is a personal choice and as per the individual freedom of each human soul since it will be inevitably judged by the Lord God on the Last Day regarding its faith and deeds; such deeds include acts of worship (whose rewards are for pious monotheists and never to any deputies at all) which never burden a soul beyond its capacity since ease/facilitation is among the main Quranic values regarding how to perform them or be excused from performing them. Even Muhammad could never guide anyone; he was not a guardian over anyone; his sole mission was to convey the Quranic Message. "Their guidance is not your responsibility, but God guides those who are willing to be guided..." (2:272); "“Insights have come to you from your Lord. Whoever sees, it is to the benefit of his soul; and whoever remains blind, it is to its detriment. I am not a guardian over you.”" (6:104); "...No burdened soul carries the burdens of another..." (17:15); "Whoever does a good deed, it is for his soul; and whoever commits evil, it is against it; then to your Lord you will be returned." (45:15); "Whoever acts righteously does so for his soul; and whoever works evil does so against his soul. Your Lord is not unjust to the servants." (41:46); "God does not burden any soul beyond its capacity. To its credit is what it earns, and against it is what it commits..." (2:286); "God created the heavens and the earth with justice, so that every soul will be repaid for what it has earned. And they will not be wronged." (45:22); "...And whoever acts righteously - they are preparing for their souls." (30:44). This is about contemporaries of Muhammad: "Those who pledge allegiance to you are pledging allegiance to God. The hand of God is over their hands. Whoever breaks his pledge breaks it to his own loss. And whoever fulfills his covenant with God, He will grant him a great reward." (48:10); "Here you are, being called to spend in the cause of God. Among you are those who withhold; but whoever withholds is withholding against his own soul. God is the Rich, while you are the needy. And if you turn away, He will replace you with another people, and they will not be like you." (47:38);

Hence, recommending one's soul to the Lord God by performing good deeds and acts of worship recorded by the angels is a personal responsibility; no deputies can perform this on our behalf; to recommend one's soul that way means to willingly side with righteousness and to choose to avoid wickedness while seeing to gratify the Lord God within piety and monotheism: "And the soul and He who proportioned it. And inspired it with its wickedness and its righteousness. Successful is he who purifies it. Failing is he who corrupts it." (91:7-10). This success means Paradise. This means that pious people have superego or conscience that makes them avoid sins, lusts, corruption, and succumbing to evildoing as much as they can; purifying one's soul means literally (Zakat) and good deeds regarding this include all acts of worship. "But as for him who feared the Standing of his Lord, and restrained the self from desires. Then Paradise is the shelter." (79:40-41)

This personal, individual process of Zakat/purification and recommending one's soul means to fight one's tendency to stinginess by acts of charity and donating to the needy and the poor within piety while seeking to please the Omniscient Lord God: "...and find no hesitation in their hearts in helping them. They give them priority over themselves, even if they themselves are needy. Whoever is protected from his natural greed - it is they who are the successful." (59:9); "So be conscious of God within piety as much as you can, and listen, and obey, and give for your own good. He who is protected from his stinginess - these are the prosperous." (64:16); "Is He who is watchful over the deeds of every soul?..." (13:33); "...He knows what every soul earns. Those who disbelieve will know to whom the Ultimate Home is." (13:42). The pious ones fear their Lord God though they cannot see Him; they know He sees them; their good deeds are performing willingly: "Those who fear their Lord in private, and are apprehensive of the Hour." (21:49); "...He who purifies his soul purifies it for his own good. To God is the ultimate return." (35:18); "You warn only him who follows the Message, and fears the Dominant Lord inwardly. So give him good news of forgiveness, and a generous reward." (36:11).

Those who wrong their souls are unjust to themselves because they have chosen misguidance and heedlessness; they disregard monotheism and performing good deeds; they never recommend or purify their souls; when they enter into Hell for never heeding the Quranic warnings, they will know that they have wronged their souls and that the Lord God is never unjust towards them; He is never unjust towards any of the human beings: "God does not wrong the people in the least, but the people wrong their own souls." (10:44); "...God did not wrong them, but they used to wrong their own souls." (16:33); "We did not wrong them, but they wronged their souls. Their gods, whom they invoked besides God, availed them nothing when the command of your Lord arrived. In fact, they added only to their ruin." (11:101). Purifying one's soul is an ongoing process during the lifetime of pious souls on earth; devils will continue to try to tempt them and to whisper into them to commit sins and evils so that they might wrong their own souls; i.e., being unjust towards them by tarnishing their purity with committing misdeeds/sins. This is why pious souls readily and sincerely repent and humbly implore and supplicate to their Lord God for pardon and forgiveness all the time; everyone is liable to make mistakes and sins. Arrogant, disobedient souls continue committing sins without repentance and many of them die without proper repentance and also without adhering to monotheism. "Whoever commits evil, or wrongs his soul, then implores God for forgiveness, will find God Forgiving and Merciful. And Whoever earns a sin, earns it against his soul. God is Aware and Wise." (4:110-111); "Then We passed the Book to those of Our servants whom We chose. Some of them wrong their souls, and some follow a middle course, and some are in the foremost in good deeds by God’s leave; that is the greatest blessing." (35:32); "Those wronging their souls while the angels are taking them away - they will propose peace: “We did no wrong.” Yes you did. God is aware of what you used to do.” Enter the gates of Hell, to dwell therein forever." (16:28-29).

Typically in most societies, the big criminals are enthroned tyrannical rulers and clergymen of terrestrial/earthly, man-made, fabricated religions of Satan. They are the most unjust people towards their own souls as they themselves are misguided and they are misguiding others at the same time; they scheme against their own souls unawares: "And thus We set up in every city its big criminals, to scheme in it, but they scheme only against their own souls, and they do not realize it." (6:123); this is about destroyed nations in ancient times: "Evil is the metaphor of the people who reject Our Verses and wrong their souls." (7:177); "Each We seized by his sin. Against some We sent a sandstorm. Some were struck by the Blast. Some We caused the ground to cave in beneath them. And some We drowned. It was not God who wronged them, but it was they who wronged their own souls." (29:40).

Lastly, the Quranic description mechanism of Judgment negates and refutes the myth that someone may pray, fast, or perform pilgrimage on behalf of someone else. The Quran never mentions that one might deputize someone to perform acts of worship instead of oneself. The two angels who record one's deeds write what the soul does and never acts of worship performed by someone else instead of this (dead or alive) soul. "There is no soul without a watcher for it." (86:4); "Every soul is hostage to what it has earned." (74:38); hence, there are no intercessions on the Last Day as every soul will try to argue for its own sake and defend itself on the Day of Judgment: "The Day when no soul will avail another soul anything; and the decision on that Day is God’s." (82:19); "And beware of a Day when no soul will avail another in the least, nor will any intercession be accepted on its behalf, nor will any ransom be taken from it, nor will they be helped." (2:48); "On the Day when every soul will come pleading for itself, and every soul will be paid in full for what it has done, and they will not be wronged." (16:111). Thus, there will be no injustice on the Last Day since accurate Scales will weigh the deeds of each soul; losers will lose their souls inside Hell: "We will set up the Scales of Justice for the Day of Resurrection, so that no soul will suffer the least injustice. And even if it be the weight of a mustard-seed, We will bring it up. Sufficient are We as Judge." (21:47); "...those are they who have lost their souls; in Hell they will dwell forever." (23:103). To lose anything in this world is easily bearable and one may gain something else; in contrast, to be among the losers in the Hereafter is an obvious and worst loss; it is total loss is for eternity; no Hell-dwellers will ever get out of Hell. "“But you can worship whatever you wish besides Him.” Say, “The losers are those who lose their souls and their people on the Day of Resurrection.” That is indeed the obvious loss." (39:15); "...Those who believed will say, “The losers are those who lost their souls and their families on the Day of Resurrection.” Indeed, the unjust ones are in a lasting torment." (42:45). These last two verses apply to the fate (if they die as unrepentant souls) of Wahabis, Salafists, and the terrorist MB members and ISIS members who misuse the Lord God's Quranic verses to seek power and wealth and who distract others from the Quran by spreading devilish narratives/hadiths; these verses apply also to them: "Those are the ones who lost their souls, and what they had invented has strayed away from them. Without a doubt, in the Hereafter, they will be the biggest losers." (11:21-22). The sins and injustices will turn into Hell-torment for sinful souls who never repented and never sought to make amends before their durations of the test of life on earth ended: "On that Day, every soul will be recompensed for what it had earned..." (40:17); "On that Day, no soul will be wronged in the least, and you will be recompensed only for what you used to do." (36:54); "On the Day when they will be heated in the Fire of Hell, then their foreheads, and their sides, and their backs will be branded with them: “This is what you hoarded for yourselves; so taste what you used to hoard.”" (9:35). Of course, this applies to the worst sinners and the big criminals or the enthroned tyrannical rulers who stole and smuggled the wealth of their nations; e.g., Saudi rulers who impose exorbitant fees on poor pilgrims as if the Kaaba was theirs and not the Lord God's. In fact, the Saudi kingdom is the axis of evil worldwide since it sponsors Wahabi terrorism and spends billions of US$ to spread the Wahabi ideology which is taught and offered as if it were 'Islam'. The Saudi royal family members are losers inside Hell in the Hereafter unless they repent and make amends for the corruption they have spread on earth.

The Lord God says the following in the Holy Quran: "We created the human being, and We know what his soul whispers to him. We are nearer to him than his jugular vein. As the two receivers receive, seated to the right and to the left. Not a word does he utter, but there is a watcher by him, ready. The daze of death has come in truth: "This is what you tried to evade." And the Trumpet is blown: "This is the Promised Day." And every soul will come forward, accompanied by a driver and a witness. You were in heedless of this, so We lifted your screen from you, and your vision today is keen." (50:16-22). This is about the fate of the unjust losers (who wronged their own souls) in Hell as they will see the devilish companions which tempted them and each will disown and blame the other: "And his companion will say, “This is what I have ready with me.” “Throw into Hell every stubborn disbeliever. Preventer of good, aggressor, doubter. Who fabricated another god with God; toss him into the intense torment.” His companion will say, “Our Lord, I did not make him rebel, but he was far astray.” He will say, “Do not feud in My presence - I had warned you in advance. The decree from Me will not be changed, and I am not unjust to the servants.” On the Day when We will say to Hell, “Are you full?” And it will say, “Are there any more?”" (50:23-30). In contrast, the pious ones who repent and submit to the Lord God within peace and monotheism will enter into Paradise: "And Paradise will be brought closer to the pious, not far away. “This is what you were promised - for every careful penitent. Who inwardly feared the Dominant Lord and came with a repentant heart. Enter it in peace. This is the Day of Eternity.” Therein they will have whatever they desire - and We have even more." (50:31-35); this has been addressed to Muhammad: "We are fully aware of what they say, and you are not a dictator over them. So remind by the Quran whoever fears My warning." (50:45).

Types of Human Souls: Blaming Souls and Souls which Command Evil

Firstly: instinct of monotheism and free will are instilled in the human souls:

The monotheism of (There is no God but Allah) is inculcated into the souls of all humanity in Barsakh: "And when Your Lord summoned the descendants of Adam, and made them testify about themselves. “Am I not your Lord?” They said, “Yes, we testify.” Thus you cannot say on the Day of Resurrection, “We were unaware of this.” Nor can you Say, “Our ancestors practiced polytheism before; and we are their descendants who came after them; will you destroy us for what the falsifiers did?”" (7:172-173); "So devote yourself to the religion of monotheism - the natural instinct God has instilled in the humankind..." (30:30). This means souls are free to (dis)believe & to (dis)obey while waiting for the outcome on the Judgment Day. Yet, when the tendency to engage into sinning and evildoing prevails over a soul, this soul forgets temporarily about monotheism inculcated into its Barsakh DNA and it numbs/dulls its conscience or superego for a while; yet, once human beings face life-threatening situations, they implore the Lord God for deliverance without polytheism and they vow to reject sinning. This means their instinct of monotheism is awakened or revived.

Secondly: the blaming souls have their conscience or superego intact:

1- This is because of piety and the belief in the Hereafter chosen freely by monotheists who avoid wickedness, evil, and sinning as much as they can and purify their souls: "And the soul and He who proportioned it. And inspired it with its wickedness and its righteousness. Successful is he who purifies it. Failing is he who corrupts it." (91:7-10).

2- When this superego or conscience of the blaming soul was awakened, the Potiphar's wife confessed her guilt in public inside the palace of the king: "“Yet I do not claim to be innocent. The soul commands evil, except those on whom my Lord has mercy. Truly my Lord is Forgiving and Merciful.”" (12:53).

3- Those who will deserve Paradise adhere to piety and avoid evil desires and sinful whims as per their blaming souls which make them readily repent and purify themselves; losers never listen to their blaming souls and insist on being heedless losers; if they die without repentance, their fate is Hell: "As for him who was defiant. And preferred the life of this world. Then Hell is the shelter. But as for him who feared the Standing of his Lord, and restrained the self from desires. Then Paradise is the shelter." (79:37-41).

4- The blaming souls will be the winners on the Last Day who will be comforted and assured of Paradise: "And I swear by the blaming soul." (75:2); "But as for you, O comforted soul. Return to your Lord, pleased and accepted. Enter among My servants. Enter into My Paradise." (89:27-30)

Thirdly: about souls which command evil:

When one of the sons of Adam murdered his brother, his soul instigated and incited him to commit this grave sin our of envy and grudges as well as selfishness and stinginess. "Then His soul prompted him to kill his brother, so he killed him, and became one of the losers." (5:30). The brothers of Joseph envied Joseph who was the favor son of Jacob/Israel; when their father heard about the disappearance of Joseph, he said he knew his sons are to blame for this evil: "...“Your souls enticed you to do something. But patience is beautiful, and God is my Help against what you describe.”" (12:18). Jacob repeated the same again to his sons here when they lost another younger brother in Egypt: "He said, “Rather, your souls have contrived something for you. Patience is a virtue. Perhaps God will bring them all back to me. He is the Knowing, the Wise.”" (12:83). Of course, this means that souls which command evil justify its own sins by any means; this is exemplified by Al-Samiri who carved the calf of gold for the Israelites to worship during their exodus: "...“I saw what they did not see, so I grasped a handful from the Messenger’s traces, and I flung it away. Thus my soul prompted me.”" (20:96).

Fourthly: souls which command evil adhere to stinginess or selfishness:

It is a sickness inside the soul/heart of people and its only cure is to spend money on charity and on serving the cause of the Lord God while seeking ardently and piously to gratify Him: "So be conscious of God within piety as much as you can, and listen, and obey, and give for your own good. He who is protected from his stinginess - these are the prosperous." (64:16); "...and find no hesitation in their hearts in helping them. They give them priority over themselves, even if they themselves are needy. Whoever is protected from his natural greed - it is they who are the successful." (59:9). In fact, stinginess or greed is the primary cause of most tragedies worldwide in all eras; the only cure is piety, charity, and the monotheistic belief in the Hereafter.

Fifthly: the Quranic preaching addresses the superego of conscience of souls of the disbelievers/polytheists:

No human power can remove instinct of monotheism from the human souls; the superego or conscience of eth souls can be ignored or dulled but it will never disappear regardless of any justifications for sins and evildoing; this is why no tyrants/sinners are devoid of the good aspect inside their souls; if they are sincere within self-talk they would have to admit they cannot accept the same injustices that they commit against others if committed against themselves or their souls. "And man will be evidence against himself. Even as he presents his excuses." (75:14-15). This is why the Quranic preaching addresses the superego of conscience of souls of all sinners and disbelievers/polytheists; e.g., the following is about those of Qorayish: "Say, “I offer you a single advice: devote your souls to God, in pairs, or individually; and reflect. There is no madness in your companion. He is just a warner to you, before the advent of a severe torment.”" (34:46); "Do they not reflect within their souls? God did not create the heavens and the earth, and what is between them, except with reason, and for a specific duration. But most people, regarding meeting their Lord, are disbelievers." (30:8); "But no, by your Lord, they will not believe until they call you to arbitrate in their disputes, and then find within their souls no resentment regarding your decisions, and submit themselves completely." (4:65).

Sixthly: the Quranic preaching addressed to the superego of conscience of souls of Muhammad:

"And content your soul with those who pray to their Lord morning and evening, desiring His Presence. And do not turn your eyes away from them, desiring the glitter of this world. And do not obey him whose heart We have made heedless of Our Remembrance - so he follows his own desires - and his priorities are confused." (18:28); this is about sincere supplications offered to the Lord God: "And remember your Lord within yourself, humbly and fearfully, and quietly, in the morning and the evening, and do not be of the heedless." (7:205).

Seventhly: the Quranic preaching addressed to the superego of conscience of souls of monotheistic believers who are piously conscious of the Omniscient Lord God:

"And the parable of those who spend their wealth seeking God’s approval, and to strengthen their souls, is that of a garden on a hillside. If heavy rain falls on it, its produce is doubled; and if no heavy rain falls, then dew is enough. God is seeing of everything you do." (2:265); "O you who believe! Stand firmly for justice, as witnesses to God, even if against your souls, or your parents, or your relatives. Whether one is rich or poor, God takes care of both. So do not follow your desires, lest you swerve. If you deviate, or turn away - then God is Aware of what you do." (4:135); "O you who believe! Fear God, and let every soul consider what it has forwarded for the morrow, and fear God. God is Aware of what you do. And do not be like those who forgot God, so He made them forget their souls. These are the sinners." (89:18-19); "...No soul shall be burdened beyond its capacity..." (2:233); "...And know that God knows what is in your souls, so beware of Him. And know that God is Forgiving and Forbearing." (2:235).

Eighthly: the blaming soul is a good, benevolent soul, whereas the evil soul is the one that commands evil and does not repent:

In the field of the call in every society, there are callers to corruption who are hypocrites who pretend being pious and there are callers/preachers of reform and the Truth who seek only to gratify their Lord God as this is true, peaceful jihad and they sacrifice anything for it; hypocrites hate such monotheistic sincere preachers: "Among the people is he whose speech about the worldly life impresses you, and he calls God to witness what is in his heart, while he is the most hostile of adversaries. When he gains power, he strives to spread corruption on earth, destroying properties and lives. God does not like corruption. And when he is told, “Beware of God,” his pride leads him to more sin. Hell is enough for him - a dreadful abode. And among the people is he who sells himself seeking God’s approval. God is Kind towards the servants." (2:204-207); this is about hypocrites: "...They damn their own souls, and God knows that they are lying." (9:42).

Lastly:

The souls of losers inside Hell will be reminded of the covenant of the Lord God within their being rebuked severely; this is part of their torment: "Did I not covenant with you, O children of Adam, that you shall not worship the Devil? That he is your sworn enemy? And that you shall worship Me? This is a Straight Path. He has misled a great multitude of you. Did you not understand? This is Hell-Fire, which you were promised. Roast in it today, because you persistently disbelieved." (36:60-64).

CHAPTER II: Quranic Synonyms for Souls

CHAPTER II: Quranic Synonyms for Souls

Hearts Are Souls

Introduction:

The Holy Quran has its unique terminology which must be understood only within the Quranic text itself without any outside references, lexicons, or dictionaries of the Arabic tongue authored by many grammarians and lexicographers in different regions, eras, and schools of thought. Any human tongue is changeable regarding its grammar and diction/vocabulary; the Arabic of the 7^th century Arabia differs from that of the Abbasid, Mameluke, and Ottoman eras and from the modern classical Arabic of today. Scientific methodology of research entails that researchers study books of Sufism, Shiite and Sunnite religions, and philosophy of the Middle Ages of Arab authors by examining and defining the terms they have coined. The Quran is no exception to this rule of scientific methodology of research. It is very wrong to use Shiite, Sufi, and Sunnites books and sets of terminology to understand the Quran unless the intention is to distort, warp, falsify, and twist the meanings of Quranic verses by haters of the Quran who follow their own whim and select and choose and impose their own contradictory notions and their discrepancies/perspective on the Quranic text. The Quranic terms are to be defined from within the Quran itself by examining and studying how terms and their derivations are employed in all verses containing them within local contexts and general contexts within the entire Quranic text while locating the definitive verses and the similar ones covering the topic/term at hand; this is exemplified in tens of articles of ours, in English, under the title (Quranic Terminology). The objective Quranist researchers must be willing to readily discard any old, traditional notions when refuted by the results of the Quranist research. In light of the above, we discuss the Quranic term "heart(s)" which is synonymous with "soul(s)".

Firstly: hearts are souls with awareness and discernment and the ability to realize and think:

The hearts/souls which control bodies are linked to eyesight and hearing also of the souls and not eyes/ears of the physical human bodies; i.e., souls have their own hearts, eyes, and ears: "Then He proportioned him, and breathed into him by His Spirit. Then He gave you the hearing, and the eyesight, and the heart - but rarely do you give thanks. (32:9). Human babies are born as blank slates or tabula rasa. "God brought you out of your mothers’ wombs, not knowing anything; and He gave you the hearing, and the eyesight, and the brains; that you may give thanks." (16:78). When they explore the world around them as they grow up, the inner hearts, eyes, and ears of their souls begin to function and absorb; they discern when they reach adulthood and choose freely to be (mis)guided. "It is He who produced for you the hearing, and the eyesight, and the hearts. But little gratitude you show." (23:78); "Say, “It is He who produced you; and made for you the hearing, and the vision, and the hearts. But rarely do you give thanks.”" (67:23). When polytheistic ingrates/disbelievers are never thankful to their Lord God for bounties He bestowed on them, their hearts inside their souls (or conscience or superego of the souls) are dulled/numbed or broken down because of human devils and jinn devils who misguide souls with devilish narratives/hadiths (about deified mortals and intercession and justifying committing sins...etc.) ascribed by force to Divine Revelation to repel people from the Path; i.e., the Quran. "Likewise, We have assigned for every prophet an enemy - human and jinn devils - inspiring one another with fancy words in order to deceive. But had your Lord willed, they would not have done it. So leave them to their fabrications. So that the hearts of those who do not believe in the Hereafter may incline to it, and be content with it, and that they may perpetrate whatever they perpetrate. “Shall I seek a judge other than God, when He is the One who revealed to you the Book, explained in detail?”..." (6:112-114) This is about the misguided ancient nations destroyed by the Lord God: "We had empowered them in the same way as We empowered you; and We gave them the hearing, and the sight, and the minds. But neither their hearing, nor their sight, nor their hearts availed them in any way. That is because they disregarded the Verses of God; and so they became surrounded by what they used to ridicule." (46:26). The eyes/ears and the hearts of human souls influence the bodily/physical organs of the eyes, the ears and the hearts/minds of people. This explains why the Muhammadans with their physical ears and eyes hear and read the Quranic verses which refute and debunk the myth of the so-called intercession of human souls on behalf of other human souls on the Resurrection Day but the awareness of their souls hardly pays any attention. This is because their souls adhere to disbelief and polytheism; i.e., the Muhammadans prefer devilish hadiths (e.g., the ones about intercession) to the Quranic verses; this is why their souls are screened from the Quran by thick veils which prevent the Quranic preaching, guidance, and Light from reaching the awareness and senses of their souls. "And if you call them to guidance, they will not hear. And you see them looking at you, yet they do not see." (7:198). The same meaning is repeated here: "We have destined for Hell multitudes of jinn and humans. They have hearts with which they do not understand. They have eyes with which they do not see. They have ears with which they do not hear. These are like cattle. In fact, they are further astray. These are the heedless." (7:179); "Or do you assume that most of them hear or understand? They are just like cattle, but even more errant in their way." (25:44); "Have they not journeyed in the land, and had minds to reason with, or ears to listen with? It is not the eyes that go blind, but it is the hearts, within the chests, that go blind." (22:46); "Only those who listen will respond..." (6:36); "...the hearing, and the sight, and the hearts - all these will be questioned." (17:36); "Their necks outstretched, their heads upraised, their gaze unblinking, their hearts void." (14:43). This is in contrast to monotheistic believers whose keen awareness inside hearts of their souls make tem obey the Quranic Message and heed its warning. The losers inside Hell will realize how the fire examines their hearts/souls: "God's kindled Fire. That laps to the hearts." (104:6-7).

Secondly: (hearts) in the Quranic stories refer to human souls:

This is about Abraham after he made Ishmael and his mother settle in Mecca and he left them behind as per the Lord God's commands: "“Our Lord, I have settled some of my offspring in a valley of no vegetation, by Your Sacred House, our Lord, so that they may perform the prayers. So make the hearts of some people incline towards them, and provide them with fruits, that they may be thankful.”" (14:37); this is about the mother of Moses after throwing the casket containing the baby Moses into the River Nile: " The heart of Moses’ mother became vacant. She was about to disclose him, had We not steadied her heart, that she may remain a believer." (28:10); this is about the heart/soul of Muhammad which received the Quranic text from the archangel Gabriel during the Night-Journey on the Night of Decree in Ramadan within an ethereal, Barsakh vision; Muhammad's soul's eyes saw Gabriel and not the physical eyes of his physical head: "The Honest Spirit came down with it. Upon your heart, that you may be one of the warners." (26:193-194); "Say, “Whoever is hostile to Gabriel - it is he who revealed it to your heart by God’s leave, confirming what preceded it, and guidance and good news for the believers.”" (2:97); "Everything We narrate to you of the history of the messengers is to strengthen your heart therewith. The truth has come to you in this, and a lesson, and a reminder for the believers." (11:120); "Those who disbelieve say, “Why was the Quran not revealed to him at once?” Thus in order to strengthen your heart thereby, and We revealed it in stages." (25:32); "It is but a revelation revealed. Taught to him by the Extremely Powerful. The one of vigor. He settled. While he was at the highest horizon. Then he descended, and hovered around. He was within two bows’ length, or closer. Then He revealed to His servant what He revealed. The heart did not lie about what it saw." (53:4-11); "The sight did not waver, nor did it exceed. He saw some of the Great Signs of his Lord." (53:17-18).

Souls and Chests

The Quranic term "chests", indicating hearts and their hidden secrets, is synonymous with the term (souls); in fact, they are like chests/coffers containing the souls. They are like the black box of a plane or a motor inside vehicles; souls control bodies and it takes all decisions to perform good deeds or to engage into evildoing. Souls are chests/hearts. Such words are exact synonyms in the Quranic tongue. The term (chests) has its connotations of hidden secrets/deeds/facts which one does not desire to divulge though nothing can be hidden from the Omniscient Lord God. "He knows the deceptions of the eyes, and what the chests conceal." (40:19); "Your Lord knows best what is in your souls..." (17:25). A measure/level of omniscience was not granted by the Lord to every prophet/messenger; only some had it and some did not. As per the Quran, Jesus was granted a measure of omniscience but Noah and Muhammad did not deceive such miracle. The Lord God's Omniscience is linked to creation of the universe (to test human souls) and to knowing all secrets inside the chests/souls of human beings and this is the basis of Judgment: "God is the Knower of the future of the heavens and the earth. He knows what the chests contain." (35:38); "To Him belongs the kingship of the heavens and the earth, and to God all matters are referred. He merges the night into the day, and He merges the day into the night; and He knows what the chests contains." (57:5-6); "He created the heavens and the earth with truth, and He designed you, and designed you well, and to Him is the final return. He knows everything in the heavens and the earth, and He knows what you conceal and what you reveal. And God knows what is within chests." (64:3-4); "Whether you keep your words secret, or declare them - He is Aware of what is within chests." (67:13); "...Then to your Lord is your return; and He will inform you of what you used to do. He is aware of what the chests contain." (39:7); "Among the people is he who says, “We have believed in God.” Yet when he is harmed on God’s account, he equates the people's persecution with God’s retribution. And if help comes from your Lord, he says, “We were actually with you.” Is not God aware of what is inside the chests of the people? God certainly knows those who believe, and He certainly knows the hypocrites." (29:10-11). This is about the chest/soul of Muhammad: "Or do they say, “He forged a lie about God.” If God so willed, He could have sealed your heart. But God obliterates the false, and confirm the true by His Words. He knows what is within chests." (42:24). The Omniscient Lord God has told us in the Quran how disbelievers in Arabia hated the Quran and how hypocrites tried to deceive the believers and He knows what is hidden in the souls/chests of believers: "They wrap their chests to hide from Him. But even as they cover themselves with their clothes, He knows what they conceal and what they reveal. He knows what lies within chests." (11:5); "There you are, you love them, but they do not love you, and you believe in the entire Book. And when they meet you, they say, “We believe;” but when they are alone, they bite their fingers in rage at you. Say, “Die in your rage; God knows what is within the chests.”" (3:119); "And Remember God’s blessings upon you, and His covenant which He covenanted with you; when you said, “We hear and we obey.” And remain conscious of God, for God knows what the chests contain." (5:7); "God made them appear in your dream as few. Had He made them appear as many, you would have lost heart, and disputed in the matter. But God saved the situation. He knows what the chests contain." (8:43); "Whoever disbelieves - let not his disbelief sadden you. To Us is their return. Then We will inform them of what they did. God knows what lies within chests." (31:23).

Of course, souls/chests of ordinary criminals (i.e., thieves and murderers) and big criminals like enthroned tyrannical rulers drive them to commit more sins and grave injustices; we do not see their souls/chests but we see their bodies and crimes; the body is the garment of the Barsakh creature known as the soul and its chest and senses (for souls, as per the Quran, have their own minds/hearts, eyes, and ears). The Omniscient Lord God knows all what is inside chests/souls of disbelievers, hypocrites, believers, and all human souls in general; devils and Satan whisper into souls/chests of human beings: "And your Lord knows what their chests conceal, and what they reveal." (27:74); "And your Lord knows what their chests conceal, and what they reveal." (28:69); "...Is not God aware of what is inside the chests of the people? " (29:10); "Say, “Whether you conceal what is in your chests, or disclose it, God knows it.” He knows everything in the heavens and the earth. God is Powerful over everything." (3:29); "And the contents of the chests are obtained." (100:10); "In fact, it is Clear Verses in the chests of those given knowledge. No one renounce Our Verses except the unjust." (29:49); this is about Satan: "Who whispers into the chests of people." (114:5). Hence, chests are synonymous with hearts/souls in the Quranic text.

The Quran and monotheism/Islam are embraced by hearts of seekers of guidance and healing for their souls/chests: "O people! There has come to you advice from your Lord, and healing for what is in the chests, and guidance and mercy for the believers." (10:57); "Whomever God desires to guide, He spreads open his chest to Islam; and whomever He desires to misguide, He makes his chest narrow, constricted, as though he were climbing up the sky. God thus lays abomination upon those who do not believe." (6:125).

Moses' soul/chest/heart felt the magnitude of the difficult mission of addressing his call to Pharaoh; he implored the Lord God to send Aaron as his helper and to grant him peace of mind/heart/soul/chest: "...“My Lord, put my chest at peace for me." (20:25).

This is about Muhammad whose heart/chest or soul was saddened by the stances and demands of disbelievers in Arabia: "Among them are those who listen to you; but We place covers over their hearts, to prevent them from understanding it, and heaviness in their ears. Even if they see every verse, they will not believe in it. Until, when they come to you, to argue with you, those who disbelieve will say, “These are nothing but myths of the ancients.”" (6:25); "And let not their sayings dishearten you..." (10:65); "So do not let their words sadden you..." (36:76); "Perhaps you wish to disregard some of what is revealed to you, and your chest is strained because of it, since they say, “If only a treasure was sent down to him, or an angel came with him.” You are only a warner, and God is Responsible for all things." (11:12); "We are aware that your chest is strained by what they say." (15:97).

Hearts Are Souls Contained in Human Bodies (1)

The human souls are referred to in the Quranic text in both terms (chests) and (hearts) as we have shown previously; souls have eyes and ears and minds; this is about disbelievers: "... It is not the eyes that go blind, but it is the hearts, within the chests, that go blind." (22:46). This is addressed to believers since all human beings are being tested in this life: "...God thus tests what is in your chests, and purifies what is in your hearts. God knows what the chests contain." (3:154); this is about the Lord God's control of the Quranic revelation descended upon the heart/soul of Muhammad: "Or do they say, “He forged a lie about God.” If God so willed, He could have sealed your heart. But God obliterates the false, and confirm the true by His Words. He knows what is within chests." (42:24). Of course, souls are invisible while bodies are visible; the Omniscient Lord God sees and knows all deeds/thoughts/faith inside souls/chests/hearts of human beings and all is registered in the Book of Deeds of each soul so that in the Day of Judgment, each soul will be united with its new body/garment woven of such deeds either in Hell or in Paradise forever. thus, the chest/heart of the soul differs from the physical chest and the vital organ known as the heart which pumps blood throughout the human body. Polytheism and monotheism cannot be combined in one soul which has but one chest/heart: "God did not place two hearts inside any person..." (33:4). That souls are referred to, within metonymy, as hearts/chests is exemplified here: " Have they not journeyed in the land, and had minds to reason with, or ears to listen with? It is not the eyes that go blind, but it is the hearts, within the chests, that go blind." (22:46); "...God thus tests what is in your chests, and purifies what is in your hearts. God knows what the chests contain." (3:154). This is a comparison between souls/hearts of pious believers and heedless disbelievers: "And those who give what they give, while their hearts quake, knowing that to their Lord they will return. It is they who race towards goodness. It is they who will reach it first. We never burden any soul beyond its capacity. And with Us is a record that tells the truth, and they will not be wronged. But their hearts are puzzled because of this; and they have deeds that do not conform to this, which they continue to perpetrate. Until, when We seize the affluent ones among them with torment, they begin to scream. " (23:60-64). The faces and hearts of the souls of sinners will be (or are) blackened even if we cannot see this in this world, we will see this on the Resurrection Day: "...Their hearts have become blackened by what they used to earn." (83:14); "On the Day when some faces will be whitened, and some faces will be blackened. As for those whose faces are blackened: “Did you disbelieve after your belief?” Then taste the torment for having disbelieved." (3:106).

Hearts Are Souls Contained in Human Bodies (2): The Freedom of Souls/Hearts to Choose Guidance or Misguidance

The use of the terms hearts/chests and souls in the Quranic text assert that these terms are 100% synonymous in the Quranic tongue. The soul/heart has the freedom to choose to (dis)believe and to (dis)obey and to choose being (mis)guided while bearing full responsibility for the outcome in the Hereafter as we have explained before. This time, we trace Quranic verses (containing ''hearts'' and not ''souls'') about the same topic of this test of life. Souls are tested within ordeals, hardships, adversities, calamities, and persecution, and injustice because the vast majority in any given society in all eras consists of misguided misguiding people. Tests of ordeals are worse and more difficult in the societies of the Muhammadans where the clergymen of Satan dominate citizens. It is very wrong to assume that once one would declare one's monotheistic faith that one will live in bliss and tranquility: "Have the people supposed that they will be left alone to say, “We believe,” without being put to the test? We have tested those before them. God will surely know the truthful, and He will surely know the liars." (29:2-3); "And among the people is he who worships God on edge. When something good comes his way, he is content with it. But when an ordeal strikes him, he makes a turnaround. He loses this world and the next. That is the obvious loss." (22:11). Pious monotheists pass this test of calamities; hypocrites and skeptics undoubtedly fail it. Hearts here are souls: "...those are they whose hearts God has tested for piety. They will have forgiveness and a great reward." (49:3); "...But God has given you the love of faith, and adorned it in your hearts, and made disbelief, sinning, and disobedience hateful to you. These are the rightly guided." (49:7). Hypocrites and disbelievers never repent or remember when they face hardships and ordeals within the test of life: "Do they not see that they are tested once or twice every year? Yet they do not repent, and they do not remember." (9:126); " Among the people is he who says, “We have believed in God.” Yet when he is harmed on God’s account, he equates the people's persecution with God’s retribution. And if help comes from your Lord, he says, “We were actually with you.” Is not God aware of what is inside the hearts of the people? God certainly knows those who believe, and He certainly knows the hypocrites." (29:10-11).

Regardless of the level of misguidance in the soul/heart, the Quranic Light partly enters into it because of the instinct of monotheism instilled in the Barsakh DNA of souls despite arrogance, defiance, and stubbornness of polytheists; hearts here are souls: "Thus We slip it into the hearts of the criminals. They do not believe in it, though the ways of the ancients have passed away." (15:12-13); "Thus We make it pass through the hearts of the criminals. They will not believe in it until they witness the painful torment." (26:200-201). The misguided ones will feel remorse after it is too late when they see the devilish companions: "Whoever shuns the remembrance of the Dominant Lord, We assign for him a devil, to be his companion. They hinder them from the path, though they think they are guided. Until, when He comes to Us, he will say, “If only there were between me and you the distance of the two Easts.” What an evil companion! It will not benefit you on that Day, since you did wrong. You are partners in torment." (43:36-39); "We had assigned companions for them, who glamorized to them what was in front of them, and what was behind them. And the Word proved true against them in communities of jinn and humans that have passed away before them. They were losers." (41:25). It is no use preaching the Quran to such souls which willingly have chosen misguidance since the devilish companion dominate their hearts/souls: "What of him whose evil deed was made attractive to him, and so he regards it as good? God leads astray those willing to be misguided, and He guides those willing to be guided. Therefore, do not waste your soul sorrowing over them. God knows exactly what they do." (35:8); these Quranic verses apply to hypocrites/disbelievers in all eras and regions: "As for those who disbelieve - it is the same for them, whether you have warned them, or have not warned them - they do not believe. God has set a seal on their hearts and on their hearing, and over their vision is a veil. They will have a severe torment. Among the people are those who say, “We believe in God and in the Last Day,” but they are not believers. They seek to deceive God and those who believe, but they deceive none but their souls, though they are not aware. In their hearts is sickness, and God has increased their sickness. They will have a painful torment because of their denial." (2:6-10).

The hearts/souls of hypocrites/disbelievers who deny the Last Day are sealed by their misguidance and disbelief; they never understand, discern, or reflect. "God thus seals the hearts of those who do not know." (30:59); "That is because they have preferred the worldly life to the Hereafter, and because God does not guide the people who refuse. It is they whom God has sealed their hearts, and their hearing, and their sight. It is they who are the heedless." (16:107-108); they will regret it after it is too late for them upon their moment of dying: "Until, when death comes to one of them, he says, “My Lord, send me back. That I may do right in what I have neglected.” By no means! It is just a word that he utters. And behind them is a Barsakh/barrier, until the Day they are resurrected." (23:99-100). The belief in the Hereafter means to adhere to monotheism, piety, and good deeds; in contrast, the heedless never think of death and the Hereafter as their polytheistic hearts/souls hate the Quranic warning: "When you read the Quran, We place between you and those who do not believe in the Hereafter an invisible barrier. And We drape veils over their hearts, preventing them from understanding it, and heaviness in their ears. And when you mention your Lord alone in the Quran, they turn their backs in aversion." (17:45-46). Aggressors, hypocrites, and polytheists have hearts/souls that are sealed: "Then, after him, We sent messengers to their people. They came to them with the clear proofs, but they would not believe in anything they had already rejected. Thus We set a seal on the hearts of the aggressors." (10:74); "Is it not guidance for those who inherit the land after its inhabitants, that if We willed, We could strike them for their sins? And seal up their hearts, so that they would not hear? These towns - We narrate to you some of their tales. Their messengers came to them with the clear signs, but they would not believe in what they had rejected previously. Thus God seals the hearts of the disbelievers." (7:100-101); "That is because they believed, and then disbelieved; so their hearts were sealed, and they cannot understand...It is the same for them, whether you ask forgiveness for them, or do not ask forgiveness for them; God will not forgive them. God does not guide the sinful people." (63:3-6).

This is about Quran-hating souls which argue/strive against the Lord God's Verses while seeing to ridicule, undermine, and cast doubt on them to repel others from the Path: the Quran itself: " Those who argue against God’s Verses, without any proof having come to them - a heinous sin in the sight of God, and of those who believe. Thus God seals the heart of every proud tyrant." (40:35); "Among the people is he who argues about God without knowledge, and follows every defiant devil...leading him to the Hell torment." (22:3-4); "And among the people is he who argues about God without knowledge, or guidance, or an enlightening book. Turning aside in contempt, to lead away from the Path of God. He will have humiliation in this world, and on the Day of Resurrection We will make him taste the torment of burning. That is for what your hands have advanced, and because God is not unjust to the servants." (22:8-10); "But those who strive against Our Verses - these are the inmates of Hell." (22:51); "Those who disbelieve argue with false argument, in order to defeat the truth thereby. They take My Verses, and the warnings, for a joke. Who commits graver injustice than he, who, when reminded of his Lord’s Verses, turns away from them, and forgets what his hands have put forward? We have placed coverings over their hearts, lest they understand it, and heaviness in their ears. And if you call them to guidance, they will not be guided, ever." (18:56-57); "As for those who strive against Our Verses, seeking to undermine them - for them is a torment of a painful plague." (34:5); "But those who work against Our Verses, seeking to undermine them - those will be summoned to the torment." (34:38); "And they say, “Our hearts are screened from what you call us to, and in our ears is deafness, and between us and you is a barrier. So do what you want, and so will we.”" (41:5); "And they said, “Our hearts are sealed.” Rather, God has cursed them for their disbelief. They have little faith." (2:88). Upon hearing the Quranic verses, the belief of believers increases and the abominations of hypocrites increases: "O you who believe! Fight those of the disbelievers who attack you...Whenever a chapter is revealed, some of them say, “Which of you has this increased in faith?” As for those who believe: it increases them in faith, and they rejoice. But as for those in whose hearts is sickness: it adds abomination to their abomination, and they die as disbelievers." (9:123-125); "It is He who revealed to you the Book. Some of its verses are definitive; they are the foundation of the Book, and others are similar. As for those in whose hearts is deviation, they follow the similar part, seeking dissent, and seeking to derive an interpretation. But none knows its interpretation except God and those firmly rooted in knowledge say, “We believe in it; all is from our Lord.” But none recollects except those with understanding. “Our Lord, do not cause our hearts to swerve after You have guided us, and bestow on us mercy from Your presence; You are the Giver.”" (3:7-8). Responsibility of souls for their fate in the Hereafter is the result of their being granted free will and freedom of choice in this world: "O you who believe! Respond to God and to the Messenger when He calls you to what will revive you. And know that God stands between a man and his heart, and that to Him you will be gathered." (8:24).

Hearts Are Souls Contained in Human Bodies (3): God's Omniscience Regarding Souls/Hearts

The Quran asserts the Omniscience of the Lord God and this includes knowing all secrets of the souls/hearts of all human beings: "To God belongs everything in the heavens and the earth. Whether you reveal what is within your souls, or conceal it, God will judge you for it..." (2:284). The Lord God has known what lies in the hearts of the contemporaries of Muhammad who mostly were disbelievers in Mecca and disbelieving hypocrites in Yathreb: "Among the people is he whose speech about the worldly life impresses you, and he calls God to witness what is in his heart, while he is the most hostile of adversaries." (2:204). "...God knows what is within your hearts. God is Omniscient and Clement." (33:51). Such Quranic warnings predict that the sinners who ascribed their crimes (i.e., Arabic conquests) to the name of Islam died without repentance years after the death of Muhammad. The Quran, which is the Omniscient Lord God's Word, exposes them beforehand in many verses about the story of Muhammad and his contemporaries in Arabia. The Lord God says the following in the Quran: "Muhammad and the Messenger of God....God has promised those among them who believe and do good deeds forgiveness and a great reward" (48:29). This means not everyone among the contemporaries of Muhammad was a good soul; for more details, we refer readers to these articles of ours, in English, about the Quranic verse 48:29 and the division made by the Omniscient Lord God of groups among the contemporaries of Muhammad as per what was in their hearts/souls:

http://www.ahl-alquran.com/English/show_article.php?main_id=19417

http://www.ahl-alquran.com/English/show_article.php?main_id=19420

We also refer readers to read our further analysis of 48:29 in PART IX of our book, in English, titled: "Those Who Believe in Muhammad Are Disbelievers", found on this link:

http://ahl-alquran.com/arabic/book_main.php?main_id=170

Here is the link for Chapter IX:

http://ahl-alquran.com/arabic/chapter.php?main_id=1129

We have explained the history of the sinful contemporaries of Muhammad after his death within these two books of ours, in English:

"The Unspoken-of History of the Pre-Umayyad 'Righteous' Caliphs", found on this link:

http://www.ahl-alquran.com/arabic/book_main.php?main_id=83

"A Historical Overview of the Emergence and Development of the Earthly", found on this link:

http://www.ahl-alquran.com/arabic/book_main.php?main_id=107

Hearts Are Souls Contained in Human Bodies (4): Souls/Hearts between Sickness and Healing

The ailment/sickness or disease of souls/hearts is misguidance resulting from, or hosen based on, arrogance, disbelief, defiance, disobedience, and envy/hatred. The cure/healing or guidance for the human soul is the Lord God's Word: the Holy Quran. In it, one finds guidance, Light, and comfort based on the Absolute Truth. Of course, sickness/healing are employed figuratively and literally in the Quranic text. The literal sense of disease/sickness can be found in the Quranic verses containing sharia legislations especially in relation to the performance of Islamic duties and acts of worship and excuses within this topic related to the Quranic higher value of ease/facilitation. We have written about this topic a lot in English. The literal sense of healing is mentioned in relation of consumption of certain food items mentioned in the Quran: honey, figs, olives,...etc. and in relation to the fact that healing of any bodily sickness/disease occurs only by the Lord God's leave and permission, as per the words of Abraham about the Lord God: "And when I get sick, He heals me." (26:80). Sickness in the figurative sense in the Quranic text is polytheism/disbelief and misguidance and all of the m are linked to hearts/souls of human beings and not literal hearts which are the organs that pump blood into the human bodies. Sickness in the figurative sense is also linked to the idea of sinning/fornication (see 33:32), hypocrisy, and transgression: "As for those who disbelieve - it is the same for them, whether you have warned them, or have not warned them - they do not believe. God has set a seal on theirhearts and on their hearing, and over their vision is a veil. They will have a severe torment. Among the people are those who say, “We believe in God and in the Last Day,” but they are not believers. They seek to deceive God and those who believe, but they deceive none but their souls, though they are not aware. In their hearts is sickness, and God has increased their sickness. They will have a painful torment because of their denial." (2:6-10); sickness is part and parcel of the psyche of hypocrites: "The hypocrites and those in whose hearts is sickness said, “Their religion has deluded these people.”..." (8:49). This is evident in all Quranic verses which describe the stances, deeds, and words of the Yathreb hypocrites who hated and mocked the Quran; this is exemplified here about their stance when they heard Quranic verses read to them: "But as for those in whose hearts is sickness: it adds abomination to their abomination, and they die as disbelievers." (9:125); they refused to use the Quran as Criterion for arbitration: "And when they are called to God and His Messenger, in order to judge between them, some of them refuse. But if justice is on their side, they accept it willingly. Is there sickness in their hearts? Or are they suspicious? Or do they fear that God may do them injustice? Or His Messenger? In fact, they themselves are the unjust." (24:48-50); they hated the Quran as it has exposed their grudges, hatred, animosity, and envy inside their souls: "Do those in whose hearts is sickness think that God will not expose their malice?" (47:29). The same applies to polytheists/disbelievers in addition to their cruelty and hardheartedness inside their souls which result in the believe in falsehoods/lies and fabricated devilish narratives known as hadiths; no heart/soul can combine the belief in the Quran and the belief in such devilish revelations known as hadiths which continue to exist as a test to see which souls will choose misguidance of the devilish narratives/hadiths (as they cast doubt on the Quran) or the guidance of the Quranic Light; this test goes on within all eras after the death of Muhammad after the completion of the Quranic Revelation. "We never sent a messenger before you, or a prophet, but when he had a desire Satan interfered in his wishes. But God leaves intact what Satan interjects, and God affirms His Verses. God is Omniscient and Wise. In order to make Satan’s narratives a test for those whose hearts are diseased, and those whose hearts are hardened. The unjust ones are in profound discord. And so that those endowed with knowledge may know that it is the Truth from your Lord, and so believe in it, and their hearts soften to it. God guides those who believe to a Straight Path. Those who disbelieve will continue to be doubtful about it, until the Hour comes upon them suddenly, or there comes to them the torment of a Desolate Day." (22:52-55). Those who seek extramarital sex are sick at heart/soul and their secretive, unrestrained, lustful looks of their eyes are known to the Lord God and registered by His angels: "He knows the deceptions of the eyes, and what the chests conceal." (40:19).

The Quran is the only source of guidance in Islam; it is the healing/cure from the disease/sickness of doubtful, disbelieving, and polytheistic chests/hearts/souls; the Lord God has addressed the following to all human beings: "O people! There has come to you advice from your Lord, and healing for what is in the chests, and guidance and mercy for the believers." (10:57). Some of those whose hearts/souls are sick with doubt and polytheism try to undermine and ridicule the Quran and to manipulate its verses by twisting and distorting their meanings in order to repel others from the Quran; their penalty is that their sickness/abomination, misguidance, and loss increase with the passage of time: "We send down in the Quran healing and mercy for the believers, but it increases the unjust ones only in loss." (17:82); this is about the Quran: "...“For those who believe, it is guidance and healing. But as for those who do not believe: there is heaviness in their ears, and it is blindness for them..." (41:44). Such reference to ears and blindness is about those of souls/hearts and not the physical body, of course.

Of course, the comfort provided by the Quran to hearts of pious monotheists adds a lot to their psychological wellbeing and peace of mind and, therefore, their good physical health; they live in peace and they adhere to patience, tolerance, contentment, satisfaction, and praising their Lord God; they know that their existence on earth is temporary as death is inevitable; their focus is on the Eternal Life in the Hereafter inside Paradise; they perform many good deeds within monotheism and piety to earn Paradise; they pass tests of life within patience and prayers in times of ordeals and hardships they never experience anxiety as they never vie for transient possessions of this world; they never seek power, wealth,...etc. like those heedless ones whose hearts/souls are sick with denying the Hereafter. The true believers in the Holy Quran realize the fact that their physical bodies are temporary garments for their souls which are being tested on earth; they prepare for their souls in the Eternal Life after the Day of Judgment a radiant garment of Light woven of their good deeds performed within repentance, sincerity, devotion, monotheism, and piety.

Hearts Are Souls Contained in Human Bodies (5): Believing Souls/Hearts in Contrast to Disbelieving Souls/Hearts

Features of the piety within hearts/souls of the believers:

The vital organ named as (heart) which bumps blood into the human body has nothing to do with (dis)belief and (mis)guidance which are linked to hearts/chests of the human souls. Of course, human souls/hearts/chests feel all the range of sentiments and feelings such as sorrow (we have mentioned examples of it about Muhammad and Moses' mother) and fear (e.g., within the Quranic story of Moses as we have explained before).

We give more examples about that topic in relation to the Quranic verses which employ the term "heart(s)" to denote the soul(s); this is about fear during the siege of Yathreb: "When they came upon you, from above you, and from beneath you; and the eyes became dazed, and the hearts reached the throats, and you harbored doubts about God." (33:10); of course, fearing any (non-)human creatures can be removed by reading the Quran within fearing only the Lord God the Creator: "That is only Satan frightening his allies; so do not fear them, but fear Me, if you are believers." (3:175); "Those who believe, and whose hearts find comfort in the remembrance of God. Surely, it is in the remembrance of God that hearts find comfort.”" (13:28); "God has promised those of you who believe and do righteous deeds, that...He will substitute security in place of their fear. They worship Me, never associating anything with Me..." (24:55). This is about anger: "Fight them. God will punish them at your hands, and humiliate them, and help you against them, and heal the hearts of a believing people. And He will remove the anger of their hearts..." (9:14-15). It is OK that believers seek comfort for their hearts: this is about Abraham: "And when Abraham said, “My Lord, show me how You give life to the dead.” He said, “Have you not believed?” He said, “Yes, but to put my heart at comfort.”..." (2:260); this is about the disciples of Jesus: "And when the disciples said, 'O Jesus son of Mary, is your Lord able to bring down for us a feast from heaven?' He said, 'Fear God, if you are believers.'“ They said, “We wish to eat from it, so that our hearts may be reassured, and know that you have told us the truth, and be among those who witness it.”" (5:112-113). This is about comfort/tranquility granted to the believing People of the Cave who fled from their disbelieving persecutors: "We relate to you their story in truth. They were youths who believed in their Lord, and We increased them in guidance. And We strengthened their hearts, when they stood up and said, “Our Lord is the Lord of the heavens and the earth; we will not call on any god besides Him, for then we would have spoken an outrage.”" (18:13-14).

The Lord God says the following about the piety within hearts/souls of the believers: "The believers are those whose hearts tremble when God is mentioned, and when His Verses are read to them, they strengthen them in faith, and upon their Lord they rely." (8:2); this is addressed to two wives of Muhammad who rebelled against him at one time: "If you repent to God, then your hearts have listened..." (66:4); "So it is. Whoever venerates the rituals of God - it is from the piety of the hearts...Your God is One God, so to Him submit, and announce good news to the humble. Those whose hearts tremble when God is mentioned, and those who endure what has befallen them, and those who perform prayers and spend from what We have provided for them." (22:32-35); "And hold fast to the rope of God, altogether, and do not become divided. And remember God’s blessings upon you; how you were enemies, and He reconciled your hearts, and by His grace you became brethren...." (3:103); "And He united their hearts. Had you spent everything on earth, you would not have united their hearts, but God united them together. He is Mighty and Wise." (8:63).

The hearts/souls of disbelievers are more likely to be sealed: "Say, “Have you considered? If God took away your hearing and your sight, and set a seal on your hearts, what god other than God would restore them to you?” Note how We explain the Verses in various ways, yet they still turn away." (6:46); they are too arrogant to believe in Allah and in the Hereafter: "Your God is one God. As for those who do not believe in the Hereafter, their hearts are in denial, and they are arrogant." (16:22); this is a general rule: "Those who do not know say, “If only God would speak to us, or a sign would come to us.” Thus said those who were before them. Their hearts are alike. We have made the signs clear for people who are certain." (2:118); this is about Hell dwellers whose souls/hearts were heedless in this transient world: "We have destined for Hell multitudes of jinn and humans. They have hearts with which they do not understand. They have eyes with which they do not see. They have ears with which they do not hear. These are like cattle. In fact, they are further astray. These are the heedless." (7:179); as much as they hate hearing/reading the Quran, they love to hear/utter words of disbelief and lies; this specially applies to clergymen of all types especially among the Muhammadans: "O messenger! Do not let those who are quick to disbelief grieve you - from among those who say with their mouths, “We believe,” but their hearts do not believe...listeners to lies, listeners to other people who did not come to you. They distort words from their places...Whomever God has willed to divert, you have nothing for him from God. Those are they whose hearts God does not intend to purify. For them is disgrace in this world, and for them is a terrible torment in the Hereafter.Listeners to falsehoods, eaters of illicit earnings..." (5:41-42); this is about disbelievers whose hearts/souls cling to lies: "Likewise, We have assigned for every prophet an enemy - human and jinn devils - inspiring one another with fancy words in order to deceive. But had your Lord willed, they would not have done it. So leave them to their fabrications. So that the hearts of those who do not believe in the Hereafter may incline to it, and be content with it, and that they may perpetrate whatever they perpetrate." (6:112-113); the following about some of the People of the Book in Arabia who refused to believe in the Quran but declared the opposite stance out of hypocrisy: "O messenger! Do not let those who are quick to disbelief grieve you - from among those who say with their mouths, “We believe,” but their hearts do not believe...Those are they whose hearts God does not intend to purify. For them is disgrace in this world, and for them is an enormous torment in the Hereafter." (5:41). This is about the hardheartedness of disbelievers: "Then after that your hearts hardened. They were as rocks, or even harder..." (2:74); "Is it not time for those who believe to surrender their hearts to the remembrance of God, and to the truth that has come down, and not be like those who were given the Book previously, but time became prolonged for them, so their hearts hardened, and many of them are sinners?" (57:16); this is about gentleness of hearts/souls of pious monotheists who are winners in Paradise in the Hereafter: "We never sent a messenger before you, or a prophet, but when he had a desire Satan interfered in his wishes. But God leaves intact what Satan interjects, and God affirms His Verses. God is Omniscient and Wise. In order to make Satan’s narratives a test for those whose hearts are diseased, and those whose hearts are hardened. The unjust ones are in profound discord. And so that those endowed with knowledge may know that it is the Truth from your Lord, and so believe in it, and their hearts soften to it. God guides those who believe to a Straight Path." (22:52-54); "Then We sent in their footsteps Our messengers, and followed up with Jesus son of Mary, and We gave him the Gospel, and instilled in the hearts of those who followed him compassion and mercy..." (57:27); "What about someone whose heart God has opened to Islam, so that he follows a Light from His Lord? Woe to those whose hearts are hardened against the mention of God. Those are in manifest error." (39:22-23). Polytheists hate to hear about the Lord God only they insist on hearing about deified allies: "When God alone is mentioned, the hearts of those who do not believe in the Hereafter shrink with resentment. But when those other than Him are mentioned, they become filled with joy." (39:45); this is why many among the Muhammadans in Egypt hated our Quran-only sermons (we read Quranic verses only to them in the microphone) since we never quoted any hadiths. they also hate the testimony of monotheism of (There is no God but Allah); they love to add the names of Ali and Muhammad to it. Pondering the Quran helps unseal the hearts hardened by polytheism: "Will they not ponder the Quran? Or are there locks upon their hearts?" (47:24).

Doubts and skepticism fill the hearts/souls of hypocrites/disbelievers because of their allies/saints/gods/devils; this is in contrast to pious monotheists who follow only the Light of guidance within the Quranic insights. This is about hypocrites of Yathreb: The structure which they built will remain doubted in their hearts, until their hearts are stopped. God is Knowing and Wise." (9:110); "Only those who do not believe in God and the Last Day ask you for exemption. Their hearts are full of doubts, so they waver in their doubts." (9:45); "Is there sickness in their hearts? Or are they suspicious? Or do they fear that God may do them injustice? Or His Messenger? In fact, they themselves are the unjust." (24:50). Most of the disbelievers/skeptics/hypocrites in all eras until the end of days are heedless and their souls/hearts never ponder the Quranic Truth: "The humankind’s Judgment has drawn near, but they turn away heedlessly. No fresh reminder comes to them from their Lord, but they listen to it playfully. Their hearts distracted...”" (21:1-3); this applies to the Muhammadans, past and present. The hearts/souls of the misguided disbelievers/hypocrites are filled with fear: "We will throw fear into the hearts of those who disbelieve, because they attribute to God partners for which He revealed no sanction. Their abode is the Fire..." (3:151). The today's polytheistic Muhammadans in their civil strife and massacring one another in wars believe in devilish hadiths and never heed these Quranic verses (which apply now to them) about aggressors among the people of the Book in Arabia: "...and threw fear into their hearts. They wrecked their homes with their own hands, and by the hands of the believers. Therefore, take a lesson, O you who have insight. " (59:2); "...Their hostility towards each other is severe. You would think they are united, but their hearts are diverse. That is because they are a people who do not understand." (59:14). The fear which has seized the hearts/souls of polytheists and disbelievers will amplify on the Last Day: "And warn them of the Day of Imminence, when the hearts are at the throats, choking them. The unjust ones will have no intimate friend, and no intercessor to be obeyed. He knows the deceptions of the eyes, and what the hearts conceal." (40:18-19); "Hearts on that Day will be pounding." (79:8).

CHAPTER III: Souls in the Hereafter

CHAPTER III: Souls in the Hereafter

The Universe's Creation, Death, and Resurrection

Introduction:

1- Each human soul has two bodies; apart from the body of flesh created from mud (water + dust/earth), its new, eternal body of the Hereafter will consist of deeds performed by this soul during its test within its lifetime on earth; such deeds are part of energy.

2- Hence, since this energy of deeds recorded by angels will turn into a garment which will clothe the soul in the Hereafter, the creation, death, and resurrection of the soul are directly linked to the universe's creation, death, and resurrection; this is part of the map of creation and its beginning and end as per the Divine Will of the Lord God the Creator Who is never estimated and valued, as He should be, by polytheists who insist on deifying mortals. May the Lord Allah be Exalted above all polytheistic notions they ascribe to Him.

3- Thus, the polytheists who are unjust towards their Lord God the Creator deny the Last-Day events mentioned in the Quran as they fashion other tales about the Day of Judgment as per their own whims; they reject the Quranic guidance about the Hour, Resurrection,...etc. and the intricate details about the Last-Day events. "Do they not realize that God, who created the heavens and the earth, and was never tired by creating them, is Able to revive the dead? Yes indeed; He is Capable of everything." (46:33); "And of His signs is that the heaven and the earth stand at His disposal. And then, when He calls you out of the earth, you will emerge at once. To Him belongs everyone in the heavens and the earth. All are submissive to Him. It is He who initiates creation, and then repeats it, something easy for Him. His is the highest attribute, in the heavens and the earth. He is the Almighty, the Wise. " (30:25-27).

Firstly: the creation of the universe: the first explosion: the Big Bang theory:

1- The late Egyptian scientist Dr. Abdel-Mohsen Saleh (1928 - 1986) writes the following in his book (in Arabic) titled "The Universe and the Counter-Universe", about the Big Bang that caused the creation of the universe: (... In the beginning, the universe was a stacked mass within unimagined levels of pressure; this impermeable, non-porous mass exploded and the contents of its matter are being scattered and expanded until now; when I've read these scientific facts for the first time, I remembered this Quranic verse: "Do the disbelievers not see that the heavens and the earth were one mass, and We tore them apart? ..." (21:30); this means that the universe (i.e., "the heavens and the earth" as per the Quranic expression) was one point/mass which exploded and formed the visible universe (and its invisible levels) with its earth, planets, sun, stars, and galaxies in the outer space, within distances measured in millions of light years ... Some scientists assume that this explosion or the Big Bang took place 18.000 million years ago ... Some scientists, in 1965, discovered by their radio-telescopes the echoes of weak electromagnetic waves; they assume that such echoes are the ongoing reverberations of the Big Bang that formed the universe ...). The Cairo-based Al-Akhbar newspaper mentioned in Nov. 1989 that NASA had a budget of 400 US$ in order to launch a satellite to examine the rays resulted from the Big Bang (which formed the universe), which is estimated to have occurred more than 15 billion years. In April 1990, the same newspaper mentioned that the space shuttle Discovery with its Hubble Space Telescope will examine the movements of galaxies, stars, and comets for 15 years within precision exceeding ten times any other previous telescope; the mission of the Hubble Space Telescope is to determine when the universe has been formed/created within the Big Bang.

2- The expansion of the universe: once the Big Bang occurred, the universe never ceased to expand, and it will continue to expand as per this Quranic verse: "We constructed the heaven with power, and We are expanding it." (51:47). The Cairo-based Al-Wafd newspaper mentioned in July 1987 within the article titled (The Universe Is Expanding in All Directions) that in astronomy, observing the gravitational redshift is used to measure the distances among different stars and galaxies and to estimate when the Big Bang took place in order to calculate the age of the ever-expanding universe. This newspaper article mentioned that a British astronomer asserted that the expansion of the universe causes the formation of new stars to fill in the void or space; this means that the movements of stars go on and the various distances among these stars do not remain the same. After 20 years of research, the American astronomer Allan Sandage asserted that the speed of the expansion of the universe is 230 million miles per minute and that this expansion in all directions has begun about 18 billion years ago. In 1974, as per the same article, astronomers in Texas University asserted that the universe is expanding limitlessly and endlessly and that the scope of such expansions is beyond being measured – at least at this point in time. The same article mentioned that as per the relativity theory of Einstein in 1916, asserted by the Russian physicist and mathematician Alexander Friedman (in his Friedman equations) in 1922, the universe is round within an elliptic shape taken billions of years ago.

3- The pairs and the destruction of the universe when it will collide with the counter-universe: We quote the following passages about the expansion of the universe from the book titled "The Universe and the Counter-Universe" by Dr. Abdel-Mohsen Saleh. (... The matter and the anti-matter must be within equal quantity, and this applies to all celestial bodies: this is the concept of pairs or duality that governs the universe and all creatures in heaven and on earth ... In 1977, some scientists managed to form an atom of antiparticles and antineutrons within an anti-nucleus of hydrogen but this anti-atom of hydrogen 'died' and was transformed into electromagnetic waves; it is possible now to form anti-atoms of carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, water, gold, etc. and such atoms will not differ from the ordinary atoms in physical/natural and chemical features; yet, there is no place on earth that may withstand the existence of one tiny drop of anti-water, unless when scientists would make it be suspended within a void so as not to let it collide with any atoms of this physical universe; in fact, until now, no scientists can create a space of total void. The anti-atoms cannot go on existing unless for few seconds; they explode once they touch any physical atoms of Planet Earth; such anti-atoms disappear in the form of waves which move in the speed of light ... The anti-atoms have reversed magnetic fields, charges, and direction of movement inside their nuclei ... When matter collides with antimatter at any point in time within any place, as in the case of an electron and its antielectron, both of them die or get annihilated and they turn into waves which move in the speed of light ... The matter on earth, and indeed elsewhere in the universe, contains huge destructive energies or rays; if you mix one liter of milk and one liter of anti-milk, the emitted energy can wipe out and annihilate a big city and kill millions of people living in it; the Einstein famous formula is E=mc². This formula states that the equivalent energy (E) can be calculated as the mass (m) multiplied by the speed of light (c = about 3×108 m/s) squared. This means that two liters of milk and anti-milk are 2000 grams multiplied by 30 thousand million cm (or the speed of light per second) equal 30 thousand million erg (the erg is the unit of energy) or the number 18 and beside it 23 zeros; this type of explosion is equal to 2200 nuclear bombs like the one thrown at Hiroshima or the explosion of 44 million tons of TNT ... Let alone the emitted destructive energy when a star collides with an anti-star; thus, when the universe will collide with its counter-universe, this is total destruction within Doomsday ...). The Cairo-based Al-Wafd newspaper mentioned in Sept. 1987 within the article titled (Matter and Antimatter in Outer Space) that the antimatter is a very complicated field of scientific research which opens the door for studying the risks of allowing astronauts to remain for longer times within their journeys in outer space, because when matter collides with the antimatter in outer space, both disappear and a huge amount of energy emits as a result.

Secondly: the universe and the counter-universe:

The Big Bang Theory, in our view, is supported within the Quran about the creation of the heavens and the earth; i.e., the universe with its planets, moons, stars, and galaxies. The Lord God says the following in the Quran: "Do the disbelievers not see that the heavens and the earth were one mass, and We tore them apart? ..." (21:30). This one mass/point was not porous (i.e., it was impermeable) and it exploded by God's command in order to create the heavens and the earth; we tend to think that God has taken a piece of time and has caused it to explode; this resulted in the creations of all the levels of physical and metaphysical realms of the universe (i.e., the earth and the heavens).

2- When the heavens and the earth (i.e., the physical and metaphysical levels of the universe) have been created, all elements and creatures in them are made in pairs: male/female, passive/active, negative/positive, etc. The Lord God the Creator is the Only One Who has no pair at all. In contrast, all His creatures are in pairs: human beings, animals, plants, energy, inanimate matter, etc. These Quranic verses assert this fact: "We created all things in pairs, so that you may reflect and ponder." (51:49); "He Who created all the pairs..." (43:12); "Glory be to Him who created all the pairs; of what the earth produces, and of their own souls, and of what they do not know." (36:36).

3- This means that the heavens and the earth are also created in a pair: positive and negative; each one of this pair moves in the opposite direction of each other; this is indicated here in this Quranic verse about the scientific fact that the universe is being expanded all the time: "We constructed the heaven with power, and We are expanding it." (51:47). The word (heaven) here refers to the universe, of course.

4- As the negative universe and the positive universe move into opposite directions, they move within an elliptic curve; this means both universes will collide at one point in time when the Hour comes and the universe is destroyed by the command of the Lord God, as we infer from this simile in this Quranic verse: "On the Day when We fold the heaven, like the folding of a book. Just as We began the first creation, We will repeat it..." (21:104). This means that the creation of the universe began with an explosion and it will be destroyed within another explosion; the universe will return to its zero point.

Thirdly: the second explosion of the Hour: destruction and death:

The Quranic expression (the Trumpet is blown) indicates the explosion which will cause the destruction of the universe (i.e., the heavens and the earth and their physical levels and metaphysical Barsakh levels and all things created within such levels) as we understand from the following verses: "Then, when the Trumpet is blown a single time. And the earth and the mountains are lifted up, and crushed, with a single crush. On that Day, the Event will come to pass." (69:13-15). Another explosion will follow, and it is the one related to the creation of an alternative, eternal universe; i.e., the eternal heavens and earth of the Last Day of the Resurrection, Gathering, Meeting, Judgment, Hell and Paradise; this is when the Dominant Lord God will manifest Himself to judge all humanity: "On the Day when the earth is changed into another earth, and the heavens, and they will emerge before God the Dominant One." (14:48). We quote these verses about the first explosion: "On that Day, We will leave them surging upon one another. And the Trumpet will be blown, and We will gather them together." (18:99); "The Trumpet will be blown, then behold, they will rush from the tombs to their Lord." (36:51); "On the Day when the Trumpet is blown, everyone in the heavens and the earth will be horrified, except whomever God wills; and everyone will come before Him in humility." (27:87).We quote these verses about the first and second explosions (i.e., the first one linked to the Hour/destruction and the second one of creating the Eternal Realm of Resurrection and Judgment): "They have not esteemed God as He ought to be esteemed. The entire earth will be in His grip on the Day of Resurrection, and the heavens will be folded in His right. Superior He is beyond the polytheism to which they adhere. And the Trumpet will be blown, whereupon everyone in the heavens and the earth will be stunned, except whomever God wills. Then it will be blown another time, whereupon they will rise up, looking on. And the earth will shine with the Light of its Lord; and the Book will be put in place; and the prophets and the witnesses will be brought in; and Judgment will be passed among them equitably, and they will not be wronged. And every soul will be fully compensated for what it had done. He is well aware of what they do." (39:67-70).

Fourthly: the Resurrection means the manifestation of the Lord God Who will gather human souls for the Day of Judgment:

After the explosion of the Hour and the total destruction of the universe with its (meta)physical levels, a New, Eternal Realm of the Hereafter, with new earth and new heavens, will emerge which will stand the manifestation of the Lord God; the losers and deniers will regret in vain after it will be too late for them to repent: "On the Day when We fold the heaven, like the folding of a book. Just as We began the first creation, We will repeat it - a promise binding on Us. We will act. We have written in Al-Zabur, after the Reminder, that the earth will be inherited by My righteous servants." (21:104-105); "On the Day when the earth is changed into another earth, and the heavens, and they will emerge before God the Dominant One." (14:48); "Do these not know that they will be resurrected? For a Great Day? The Day when the humankind will stand before the Lord of the worlds?" (83:4-6); "...when the earth is leveled, pounded, and crushed. And your Lord comes, with the angels, row after row. And on that Day, Hell is brought forward. On that Day, man will remember, but how will remembrance avail him? He will say, “If only I had forwarded for my life.”" (89:21-24).

Fifthly: The temporary First Day of this transient world as opposed to the Last Day of the Hereafter within eternity:

Of course, the time in the (meta)physical universes (i.e., both the terrestrial day and the Barsakh Day) is, for the Dominant Lord God, one, temporary day or the First Day, which has a beginning and an end, as opposed to the Last Day which is yet to come (after the Hour) and it has a beginning and it has no end; it lasts for eternity. This means there is no 'third day' or any time stage after the Last Day. The First Day is 50000 years but not as per the terrestrial time count or the Barsakh time count; rather, this is as per the count of the Lord God Himself which is above the time. This is inferred from the following Quranic context: "A questioner questioned the imminent torment. For the disbelievers; none can repel it. From God, Lord of the Ways of Ascent. Unto Him the angels and the Spirit ascend on a Day the duration of which is fifty thousand years. So be patient, with sweet patience. They see it distant. But We see it near. On the Day when the sky will be like molten brass. And the mountains will be like tufted wool. No friend will care about his friend." (70:1-10). "It is He who created the heavens and the earth in six days—and His Throne was upon the waters—in order to test you—which of you is best in conduct. And if you were to say, “You will be resurrected after death,” those who disbelieve would say, “This is nothing but plain sorcery.”" (11:7); the six days are six stages and not days in the sense of 24 hours. The Last Day is drawing near; once the soul dies, it sleeps in Barsakh for what would seem a part of day before the Resurrection: "They see it distant. But We see it near." (70:6-7).

There are arch-angels headed by the Holy Spirit, Gabriel, who are guardians of the Throne of the Lord; i.e., the universe or dominion/kingdom of God; this means that they implement and execute the decrees/commands of the Lord God in the universe and on earth; God has decided that this transient day of the world will be 50 thousand years as per God's calculation; i.e., this has nothing to do with human calculation of years. This means that God's angels ascend and move within this universe with its heavens, its physical and metaphysical levels, and its creatures to guard the universe and implement God's commands since the point in time when the universe was created until the appointed time for its total destruction; when this duration of 50000 years will end, the destruction of the universe will be followed by the Eternal Realm and the Last Day (which will go on for eternity, with some people in Paradise and others in Hell) when all resurrected human beings will be made to stand in a row before the Dominant Lord God for judgment: "Unto Him the angels and the Spirit ascend on a Day the duration of which is fifty thousand years. So be patient, with sweet patience. They see it distant. But We see it near." (70:4-7). After the descent/revelation of the Quran 14 centuries ago, which is the Last Divine Message of the Lord God given to humanity, we understand that the Day of Resurrection is very near; God says the following in the Quran: "The Judgment of the humankind has drawn near, but they turn away heedlessly." (21:1). Indeed, God's command/decree has been issued regarding the time when the Day of Resurrection will occur as per the Time of God; the execution/implementation of this divine command/decree will occur later on as per the human sense of time on the physical earth: "The command of God has come, so do not rush it. Glory be to Him..." (16:1). We recommend that readers would read our English book titled "The Night Journey Is the Night of Decree" to find more details about preordained fates (http://www.ahl-alquran.com/arabic/book_main.php?main_id=112). The Quran is the Absolute Truth and our souls will realize this fact with certainty on the Resurrection Day when all Quranic descriptions of it are fulfilled: "Abundance distracts you. Until you visit the graveyards. Indeed, you will know. Certainly, you will know. If you knew with knowledge of certainty. You would see the Inferno. Then you will see it with the eye of certainty. Then, on that Day, you will be questioned about the Bliss." (102:1-8); "Yet it is the Absolute Truth." (69:51). Modern science now has begun to reach the threshold of some Quranic facts mentioned by the Lord God about the creation and the destruction of the universe. See our book, in English, titled "The West and the Miraculous Scientific Indications in the Holy Quran", found on this link: http://www.ahl-alquran.com/arabic/book_main.php?main_id=151

In the terrestrial time, or the First Day, there are centuries, years, months, weeks, days, hours, minutes, and seconds. It is a moving time which has past, present, and future; there is no turning back in time at all; it is like a non-stop train: the present turns into the past and the future replaces both the present and the past. When we examine our watches/clocks, we find that we cannot stop the fleeting seconds, let alone trying to stop femtoseconds and bigger and smaller units of time within a second; let alone imagining the speeds of the Barsakh-level creatures within their frame of time which differs from the terrestrial time-frame. This shows that even the present is almost nonexistent; once a second passes, another second comes and then passes; when we count a second, we find that it ends; it is gone at once and forever; it will never come back. The terrestrial time in the First Day is moving/mobile; in contrast, in the Last Day or eternity, time is frozen and still; this is beyond the scope of our imagination or the limited reasoning minds of human beings. The First Day has a beginning and an end; i.e., the explosion of the creation and the explosion of the Hour, respectively. In contrast, the Last Day has a beginning and it has no end. Hell dwellers will never die and Hell will never be extinguished; Paradise dwellers will never die and Paradise bliss and pleasures will have no end.

The age/time of the universe or the day of this world is 50000 years as per the Dominant Lord God's Time, and not as per the human sense of what a year means (365 days). This day of this transient realm differs from the Day of the Lord God when commands/decrees of the Lord God move between the heavens and the earth during this day of the world: "He regulates all affairs, from the heavens, to the earth. Then it ascends to Him on a Day the length of which is a thousand years by your count." (32:5); God says the following about the disbelievers who mockingly hasten their own torment: "And they ask you to hasten the torment. But God never breaks His promise. A day with your Lord is like a thousand years of your count." (22:47). This 1000 years are as per the moving time on earth; when the universe (with its earth, heavens, galaxies, stars, Barsakh levels, etc.) is destroyed, the Last Day of an Eternal Realm (of Judgment, Hell, and Paradise) will emerge; it will have no end and no sense of time; this is in contrast to the First Day or the Day of the transient world which has a moving time that goes ahead and never turns back and it has a beginning and an end.As per the speeds, the sense of time differs within the earth, the planets, stars, and galaxies in this current day of the world; the time unstoppably goes ahead; it moves nonstop; there are past, present, and future; it will have an end when the Hour comes. Of course, we read in the Quran about the chronological arrangement of the Last-Day events: the Day of Resurrection, gathering, judgment, Hell, and Paradise; we cannot imagine how the Last-Day events will take place in this Eternal Realm which has no past or future; the only sense will be of the present always; hence, the issue of time concerning the Last Day is a problematic one. Hence,the Lord God in the Quranic text employs figurative style and imagery to make our limited minds grasp, as much as possible, some facts about the Last-Day events, within the context of warning, preaching, guidance, and the call to adhere to piety; i.e., in order to make human beings take heed of the Lord God and His Greatness so that they reflect on the Last Day and Judgment,...etc. so that they adhere to monotheism and piety as guided persons.

As per this Quranic methodology of calling others to take heed and be warned to guide themselves, verses about the Last-Day events in all contexts are linked to figurative, metaphoric style and to calling people to repent, heed the warning, and adhere to piety. God in the Quran addresses the human minds in easy, simple ways and figurative terms/words to make them understand as much as possible the notion of eternity or timelessness within an Eternal Realm on the Last Day; this experience is too difficult to be imagined by the human minds with their limited capacity. Within the First-Day in this transient world, human beings have bodies which house their souls; their eternal bodies are being prepared as per their deeds recorded by the angels; such eternal bodies of the Hereafter will make the eternal soul abide either in Hell (with ugly, blackened bodies woven of sins) or in Paradise (with bodies of light and radiance woven of good deeds, piety, and monotheism).

In the First-Day which is the duration of the universe, living souls are free to (dis)believe and to (dis)obey, to think or to be among heedless, to do anything or do nothing, to sin or to perform good deeds, to adhere either to polytheism or to monotheism,...etc. Hell and Paradise have a beginning since they will be created on the Last Day, but they have no end; a given soul chooses its abode for eternity as per its deeds and choices. There is no third option besides Hell and Paradise.

We tend to think that God has taken a piece of static, eternal time and has caused it to explode; this resulted in the creations of all the levels of physical and metaphysical realms of the universe; this resulted in the creation of moving time which is the fourth dimension of existence in the universe.This verse about God's command issued about the coming of the Hour (i.e., the destruction of the universe) shows the difference/gap between time in Barsakh and time within the physical realm on earth: "The command of God came, so do not rush it..." (16:1). This means that the time-frame assigned to the physical world has not yet reached or matched with the Barsakh time-frame when the command/decree was issued by the Lord God about the taking place of the Hour; the Hour means the total destruction of the physical universe and its time-frame; a new, eternal universe (of Resurrection, Gathering, Judgment, Hell, and Paradise) and eternity (with no past, present, and future) will be created; the limited capacity of the human mind cannot fully grasp/imagine this eternity of 'static' time which does not move or change. The deeds of each soul will remain in the archive or Book of Deeds linked to each soul; the soul will be united with its deeds upon Resurrection.

Lastly: some scientific facts mentioned in the Quran 14 centuries ago:

We quote the following passages about the expansion of the universe from the book titled "The Universe and the Counter-Universe" by Dr. Abdel-Mohsen Saleh. (... The matter and the anti-matter must be within equal quantity, and this applies to all celestial bodies: this is the concept of pairs or duality that governs the universe and all creatures in heaven and on earth ... In 1977, some scientists managed to form an atom of antiparticles and antineutrons within an anti-nucleus of hydrogen but this anti-atom of hydrogen 'died' and was transformed into electromagnetic waves; it is possible now to form anti-atoms of carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, water, gold, etc. and such atoms will not differ from the ordinary atoms in physical/natural and chemical features; yet, there is no place on earth that may withstand the existence of one tiny drop of anti-water, unless when scientists would make it be suspended within a void so as not to let it collide with any atoms of this physical universe; in fact, until now, no scientists can create a space of total void. The anti-atoms cannot go on existing unless for few seconds; they explode once they touch any physical atoms of Planet Earth; such anti-atoms disappear in the form of waves which move in the speed of light ... The anti-atoms have reversed magnetic fields, charges, and direction of movement inside their nuclei ... When matter collides with antimatter at any point in time within any place, as in the case of an electron and its antielectron, both of them die or get annihilated and they turn into waves which move in the speed of light ... The matter on earth, and indeed elsewhere in the universe, contains huge destructive energies or rays; if you mix one liter of milk and one liter of anti-milk, the emitted energy can wipe out and annihilate a big city and kill millions of people living in it; the Einstein famous formula is E=mc². This formula states that the equivalent energy (E) can be calculated as the mass (m) multiplied by the speed of light (c = about 3×108 m/s) squared. This means that two liters of milk and anti-milk are 2000 grams multiplied by 30 thousand million cm (or the speed of light per second) equal 30 thousand million erg (the erg is the unit of energy) or the number 18 and beside it 23 zeros; this type of explosion is equal to 2200 nuclear bombs like the one thrown at Hiroshima or the explosion of 44 million tons of TNT ... Let alone the emitted destructive energy when a star collides with an anti-star; thus, when the universe will collide with its counter-universe, this is total destruction within Doomsday ... The expansion of the universe: once the Big Bang occurred, the universe never ceased to expand, and it will continue to expand as per this Quranic verse: "We constructed the heaven with power, and We are expanding it." (51:47). The Cairo-based Al-Wafd newspaper mentioned in July 1987 within the article titled (The Universe Is Expanding in All Directions) that in astronomy, observing the gravitational redshift is used to measure the distances among different stars and galaxies and to estimate when the Big Bang took place in order to calculate the age of the ever-expanding universe. This newspaper article mentioned that a British astronomer asserted that the expansion of the universe causes the formation of new stars to fill in the void or space; this means that the movements of stars go on and the various distances among these stars do not remain the same. After 20 years of research, the American astronomer Allan Sandage asserted that the speed of the expansion of the universe is 230 million miles per minute and that this expansion in all directions has begun about 18 billion years ago. In 1974, as per the same article, astronomers in Texas University asserted that the universe is expanding limitlessly and endlessly and that the scope of such expansions is beyond being measured – at least at this point in time. The same article mentioned that as per the relativity theory of Einstein in 1916, asserted by the Russian physicist and mathematician Alexander Friedman (in his Friedman equations) in 1922, the universe is round within an elliptic shape taken billions of years ago. ...).

The Universe's Design, Destruction, and Resurrection

We infer from the Quran that the heavens and the earth will be destroyed simultaneously; this means that their systems/patterns will be destroyed at the same time when the (positive) universe (with its physical levels and the metaphysical/Barsakh/ethereal ones) will collide with its (negative) counter-universe; since everything is created in pairs, there is this universe and its opposite universe which move in separate directions but will converge/meet at some point in time known only to the Lord God; their meeting is the collusion which is the Hour of the destruction of the universe before the advent of Last Day within a New, Eternal Realm. The following Quranic verses cover this topic and specialized scientists should study, examine, and analyze them.

1- "When the sun is rolled up. When the stars are dimmed. When the mountains are set in motion. When the relationships are suspended. When the beasts are gathered. When the oceans are set aflame. When the souls are paired. When the girl, buried alive, is asked. For what crime was she killed? When the Records are made public. When the heaven is peeled away." (81:1-11).

2- "When the heaven breaks apart. When the planets are scattered. When the oceans are exploded." (82:1-3).

3- "When the heaven is ruptured. And hearkens to its Lord, as it must. And when the earth is leveled out. And casts out what is in it, and becomes empty." (84:1-4).

4- "Then, when the Trumpet is blown a single time. And the earth and the mountains are lifted up, and crushed, with a single crush. On that Day, the Event will come to pass. And the heaven will crack; so on that Day it will be frail." (69:13-16).

5- "On the Day when the heaven will be like molten brass. And the mountains will be like tufted wool." (70:8-9).

6- "On the Day when the heaven sways in agitation. And the mountains go into motion." (52:9-10).

7- "When the earth is shaken with a shock. And the mountains are crushed and crumbled. And they become scattered dust." (56:4-6).

8- "When the stars are obliterated. And the heaven is fractured. And the mountains are blown away." (77:8-10).

9- "The Day when the Trumpet is blown, and you will come in droves. And the heaven is opened up and becomes gateways. And the mountains are set in motion, and become a mirage." (78:18-20).

The Lord God says the following in the Quran: "It is He who sends the wind ahead of His mercy. Then, when they have gathered up heavy clouds, We drive them to a dead land, where We make water come down, and with it We bring out all kinds of fruits. Thus We bring out the dead - perhaps you will reflect." (7:57); we see here an indication of the role of the wind in moving clouds laden with rainwater; on the Day of Resurrection, a different type of water will fall as rain on souls to revive them and bring them out for Judgment.The growing of plants by rain-water is seen as like the process of raising the dead on the Last Day within Resurrection."And We brought down from the sky blessed water, and produced with it gardens and grain to harvest. And the soaring palm trees, with clustered dates. As sustenance for the servants. And We revive thereby a dead town. Likewise is the Resurrection." (50:9-11); this means that Resurrection of the human souls is getting them out of their Barsakh tombs by special, different type of water-rain.Water is what makes life continue on earth; water is involved in the process of Resurrection of souls on the Last Day; likewise, water in the Hereafter will help maintain eternity for the dwellers of both Hell and Paradise, as we infer from the Quran. There is a water cycle which helps maintain life in our physical, transient Planet Earth; likewise, there are eternal water cycles in both Hell and Paradise; this means there is eternal water for maintaining the bliss and pleasures of Paradise forever and the Eternal life of its dwellers and another eternal water which will help continue the torment of Hell forever for Hell-dwellers who will never die. Inside Hell there will be boiling, scalding water: "...These are the ones who are delivered to perdition by their actions. They will have a drink of scalding water, and a painful torment..." (6:70);of course, the Eternal Life and the eternal bodies of Paradise-dwellers will be maintained by the food and water/drinks they will enjoy inside Paradise: "The likeness of the Garden promised to the righteous ones: in it are rivers of pure water, and rivers of milk forever fresh, and rivers of wine delightful to the drinkers, and rivers of strained honey. And therein they will have of every fruit, and forgiveness from their Lord. Like one abiding in the Fire forever, and are given to drink boiling water, that cuts up their bowels?" (47:15).

The Quran tells us that the Lord God the Creator has originated the heavens and the earth (i.e., the universe) within a tremendous explosion; this explosion of a mass torn apart is known now as the Big Bang. "Do the disbelievers not see that the heavens and the earth were one mass, and We tore them apart? ..." (21:30). The universe has a physical realm and a metaphysical one; the physical realm contains the celestial bodies: the earth, planets, stars, and galaxies, whereas the metaphysical realm (as per the Quran) consists of seven Barsakh levels of the earth and the seven Barsakh levels of the heavens.The Muhammadans who absentmindedly read the Quranic verses about the creation and destruction of the universe without pondering upon them should be ashamed of themselves when they insist on deifying a mortal; i.e., Muhammad, by putting his name alongside with the Name of Allah the Creator in the testimony of monotheism (i.e., There is no God but Allah). Indeed, the Muhammadans have not esteemed God as He should to be esteemed. The Lord God says the following in the Quran: "They have not esteemed God as He ought to be esteemed. The entire earth will be in His grip on the Day of Resurrection, and the heavens will be folded in His right. Superior He is beyond the polytheism to which they adhere." (39:67).

The Lord God never forces human beings to worship Him; rather, He has created them as free agents who choose to (dis)obey and to (dis)believe during their lifetimes on earth; this is the test for all human souls. In fact, the Lord God has created the universe for one purpose: to test human beings: "It is He who created the heavens and the earth in six days - and His Throne was upon water - in order to test you - which of you is best in conduct..." (11:7). Thus, after each soul wears a body of human flesh to be tested during its lifetime on earth, the human being dies while the soul returns to Barsakh (its original place); when the predestined number of human beings are tested, the test of all human beings will end and the Hour will take place (i.e., the destruction of the universe), as all the physical and metaphysical levels of heavens and the earth will be destroyed and a New, Eternal Realm will be created and it will witness the manifestation of God Himself to the resurrected souls on the Last Day: "On the Day when the earth is changed into another earth, and the heavens, and they will emerge before God, the One, Dominant Lord." (14:48).

The Lord God says the following in the Quran: "I did not call them to witness the creation of the heavens and the earth, nor their own creation..." (18:51). Of course, human beings never witnessed the creation of the heavens and the earth and everything between them (i.e., the universe) and the creation of all human souls; yet, we know from the Quran that the Lord God has originated the universe out of nothing; this is the meaning of this Quranic verse: "Praise be to God, Originator of the heavens and the earth..." (35:1). Of course, the physical universe of the heaven and earth is enveloped by the dimension of time. We tend to think that the Lord God has also created time (and all the universe) out of nothing. The Lord God has created two types of time as follows. Along with the Big Bang and the creation/origination of the universe, a moving time has been created that goes ahead and never turns back and it has a beginning (i.e., Big Bang) and an end (i.e., when the Hour takes place and the universe is destroyed within a tremendous explosion). This moving, transient time of the physical world has a certain predetermined duration known to the Lord God: "Do they not reflect within themselves? God did not create the heavens and the earth, and what is between them, except with reason, and for a specific duration..." (30:8); "We did not create the heavens and the earth and everything between them except with reason, and for a finite period...." (46:3). The other type of time is eternity which will begin with the Last Day; of course, eternity has no end; it will be for human beings in Hell and those of them in Paradise an everlasting life which will feel like timelessness; the Eternal Realm of the Hereafter will have its static, unmoving time which will last forever; it is as if an everlasting present, with no sense of the past, present, or future typical of time on earth. This is hard to grasp with the limited capacity of the human mind and harder to express using any of the human tongues.

The moving time on earth (i.e., within this physical world) makes human beings have a sense of what the past, the present, and the future are like; human beings never cease to wonder how the present turns into past and the future into present within succession of days that seems apparently endless: "And it is He who made the night and the day alternate - for whoever desires to reflect, or desires to show gratitude." (25:62). We have to bear in mind that one's preordained lifetime or one's limited duration on earth is moving like a non-stop train; the second which passes will never return; one's soul comes from Barsakh, wears human flesh momentarily, and when one dies, the soul returns to the timelessness of Barsakh once more. Within our physical world, measuring the femtosecond has led to the hypothesis of the parallel universes; for sure, the metaphysical Barsakh levels are greater and beyond the wildest imagination.

Time varies in the planets of the solar system and within different galaxies in the observable universe; this helps us understand the fact that time in the physical universe (and on earth, of course) differs from that of the metaphysical, Barsakh levels; we infer this from this verse about the divine command of the Hour which has been issued already by the Omnipotent Lord God and we are not to rush it: "The command of God came, so do not rush it. Glory be to Him; exalted above what they associate." (16:1). This divine command has been issued within a Barsakh-level time whose nature/essence cannot be imagined by human beings; yet, the time cycles on earth have not yet reached the specified moment of the occurrence of the Hour when the universe (with its physical and metaphysical levels) will be destroyed. Within the Eternal Realm of the Last Day after the Resurrection Day, the eternal time will have no past, present, or future in the sense we know of on earth; the limited capacity of the human mind cannot imagine the nature/essence of eternity or what if feels like to be living forever.

The word (days) refers to different time units in various (meta)physical levels in the universe; the word (days) here refers to this time unit on earth in relation to pilgrimage: "And remember God during the designated days. But whoever hurries on in two days commits no wrong, and whoever stays on commits no wrong..." (2:203). In other verses which we will not quote here, there are references to years and months as per calculations on earth. This has nothing to do with the six days/epochs/phases of the origination/creation of the universe: "It is He who created the heavens and the earth in six days, then settled over the Throne..." (57:4); "Say, "Do you reject the One who created the earth in two days? And you attribute equals to Him? That is the Lord of the Universe." He placed stabilizers over it; and blessed it; and planned its provisions in four days, equally to the seekers. Then He turned to the heaven, and it was smoke, and said to it and to the earth, "Come, willingly or unwillingly." They said, "We come willingly." So He completed them as seven heavens in two days, and He assigned to each heaven its laws. And We decorated the lower heaven with lamps, and for protection. That is the design of the Almighty, the Omniscient." (41:9-12). Upon Resurrection, human beings will feel as if the duration of their life on earth and their sleep/death were a day or part of a day: "On the Day when they witness it - as though they only stayed an evening, or its morning." (79:46). The Last Day has its eternal time within the Eternal Realm; it differs from the day of this temporary physical realm (with its earth, heavens, and metaphysical Barsakh levels) which is a transient day off life whose duration is 50000 years as per the divine calculations (not years as per calculations on earth) and it is contrasted with the Last Day of eternity in these verses: "Unto Him the angels and the Spirit ascend on a Day the duration of which is fifty thousand years...They see it distant. But We see it near. On the Day when the heaven will be like molten brass. And the mountains will be like tufted wool." (70:4-9). Thus, since the Big Bang, the moving, temporary duration of the universe is marching towards its predetermined end; i.e., total destruction when the Hour comes; each creature (from human beings and angels to stars and galaxies) has its limited, preordained duration or lifetime within this 50000 years allotted to the (meta)physical universe; when the Hour occurs after the end of this duration, it will be faster than the speed of light: "And Our command is but once, faster than the twinkling of an eye." (54:50); "To God belongs the unseen of the heavens and the earth. The coming of the Hour is only as the twinkling of the eye, or even nearer..." (16:77).

The Eternal Realm will include a new earth and new heavens within the eternal time; after Resurrection and Judgment, human beings, those in Hell and those in Paradise, will never die: When this preordained duration comes to an end, the Hour will take place faster than the speed of light; the physical universe will be destroyed and the Eternal Realm will emerge along with eternity or the everlasting time for those who will be tormented in Hell forever and those who will enjoy the bliss and pleasures of Paradise forever. It is a veritable loss to waste one's lifetime (or one's limited duration on earth) by getting busy sinning and disobeying the Lord God; on the Last Day, the unrepentant ones will suffer for eternity (within the eternal time) inside Hell-torment; they will never get out of Hell and its torment will never cease or be lessened: "Remaining in it eternally, without their torment being eased from them..." (3:88).

The Resurrection is for the souls wearing their eternal bodies and not the earthly one of flesh created from the earth; yet, each resurrected soul will have the same image and shape it had on its physical body of flesh during its life on earth: " It is He who forms you in the wombs as He wills. There is no God except He, the Almighty, the Wise." (3:6). This is why resurrected souls which knew one another on earth will recognize one another within the Last-Day events; they will flee in panic: "The Day when a person will flee from his brother. And his mother and his father. And his consort and his children. Every one of them, on that Day, will have enough to preoccupy him." (80:34-37).

The last line:

The Quranic context 80:34-37 will apply to Muhammad and each of the prophets/messengers; i.e., each of them will flee from their brothers, parents, spouses, and progeny, because each of the prophets/messengers, including Muhammad, will be preoccupied only about their own safety. The losers in Hell will include those polytheists who believed in human intercessors/saints.

The Overlapping within the levels of the Physical and the Metaphysical Realms

Firstly: vibrational levels in the physical level of the universe:

1- We are not a specialist in natural sciences or physics; we quote the following from writing of other scientists. Of course, numbers, data, and information may have changed now as per the accumulation of new knowledge within science.

2- Science tells us that atoms rotate within speeds between 400 billion to 750 billion cycles per second, and when they rotate faster, we can no longer see them. This is why we cannot see fan blades if they rotate at fast speeds; we cannot see atoms of volatile materials though we can smell them. The atoms of the six-dimensional realm rotate faster and we cannot see them because they have vibrational levels that differ from those of our physical world. Hence, we cannot see angels, Jinn, and devils nor souls that get out of the dying bodies. The scientific field called quantum mechanics, which is related to waves, indicates that overlapping or lack of overlapping between bodies is directly linked to the similarity or difference of the vibrational levels. Thus, if both bodies belong to the same realm, it is impossible that they overlap or merge; e.g., a man cannot move with his body through a wall as both the man and the wall have the same vibrational levels. The beings that have higher vibrational levels can overlap with or move through beings that have lower vibrational levels. Thus, angels, Jinn, and devils as ethereal beings can exist on earth as the overlapping between them and the physical world is possible and natural. Thus, the souls inside the human bodies are deemed as another example of this overlapping and merging possible as per this scientific field called quantum mechanics. This applies to radio waves that fill the atmosphere on earth and they never overlap, unless when two waves have the same frequency level. Within our physical realm, solid atoms rotate and vibrate within the speed of 400 billion cycles per second, and this speed increases up to 750 billion cycles per second when solid matter turns into gas and we can barely see gases, and it is impossible for the human naked eye to see energy. Thus, within higher levels of our physical realm, invisible energy types can be detected and used like X-rays, which can penetrate our bodies and solid objects that have lower vibrational levels which include the lowest level for human bodies: 400 billion cycles per second. Let us remember that energy is converted matter and that matter and energy are two faces of the same coin. If there is a being with a vibration level above 750 billion cycles per second, then this being is linked to the Barsakh realm and it is natural that it can overlap/merge with our bodies and that beings of higher levels of Barsakh with higher vibrational levels can overlap/merge with beings with lower vibrational levels. This means that the levels of the Barsakh realm (of angels, Jinn, and devils who are ethereal beings) surround human beings. This means that human beings live within two overlapping realms of the physical realm and the metaphysical one, and each has its different vibrational levels, and this is how the physical bodies contain the souls that originally belong to Barsakh, and this is how on earth, there are human beings and angels (who record deeds of people) while the formers cannot see the latters. Human beings can see the ethereal creatures, i.e., angels, only upon dying and on the Last Day. Thus, there are two elements that overlap inside each one of us: our physical, earthly body and our soul that came originally from Barsakh; death occurs when the soul leaves the body, and leaves the physical realm seen and sensed by us, forever. The human naked eye cannot see everything within its field of vision; God says in the Quran: "Indeed, I swear by what you see. And by what you do not see." (69:38-39). Thus, human beings cannot see the two angels assigned to record deeds of each one of the human beings: "We created the human being, and We know what his soul whispers to him. We are nearer to him than his jugular vein. As the two receivers receive, seated to the right and to the left. Not a word does he utter, but there is a watcher by him, ready. The daze of death has come in truth: "This is what you tried to evade." And the Trumpet is blown: "This is the Promised Day." And every soul will come forward, accompanied by a driver and a witness. You were in heedless of this, so We lifted your screen from you, and your vision today is keen." (50:16-22). Those two angels carry the resurrected soul and its record of deeds on the Last Day, this is the only time when the human soul can see these angels: "You were in heedless of this, so We lifted your screen from you, and your vision today is keen." (50:22).

3- Thus, we have three levels of existence; namely, the physical level of the earth and the metaphysical levels overlapping with it, and then we have the Eternity in the Hereafter in a New, Eternal Realm (with a beginning on the Last Day and it will have no end) which is yet to be created and it will have no Barsakh levels. The divine calculations link such levels with one another in the Quranic text. We provide more details about this rather complicated topic in the points below.

Secondly: life of human beings are linked to the vibrational level on the physical Planet Earth:

1- We have mentioned the vibrational levels of atoms within the metaphysical realms and their speeds and how the earth has the lowest vibrational level to allow creatures created of dust to live on Planet Earth; this is why if the human body is tied to a rotating blades of a helicopter or a huge fan, the brain will be damaged. Sadly, this is a method of inflicting painful torment on some victims, as per a documentary we have watched.

2- Of course, vibrational levels on earth change when matter is not solid; i.e., when it turns into liquid or gas. It is beyond our mind capacity to imagine how souls leave bodies during slumber and float in Barsakh temporarily before returning to the bodies upon waking up. We also cannot measure or imagine how the souls leave the bodies forever in death. Likewise, we cannot imagine the divine calculations of the Hour, destruction of the universe, and Resurrection and Judgment within an Eternal Realm. We only can ponder, as much as we can the Quranic verses about these fact.

3- When the human beings die, their bodies decompose and return to elements absorbed by the soil; this energy (with its different vibrational levels as per the elements) which was used previously within the creation of the human body from the earth as per precise divine calculations and then within the reverse process of decomposition to make elements return to the soil indicates the existence of the Creator and proves Resurrection in which souls will be brought from their Barsakh tombs to wear eternal bodies woven of its good or bad deeds; this refutes the claims of deniers of the Resurrection Day: "They marveled that a warner has come to them from among them. The disbelievers say, “This is something strange. When we have died and become dust? This is a farfetched return.” We know what the earth consumes of them, and with Us is a comprehensive book." (50:2-4). Such changes to the physical realm, including decomposition of corpses, are recorded in a Divine Book controlled by the Dominant Lord God Who is the Creator of the visible and invisible realms: "With Him are the keys of the unseen; none knows them except He. And He knows everything on land and in the sea. Not a leaf falls but He knows it; and there is not a single grain in the darkness of earth, nor is there anything wet or dry, but is in a clear record." (6:59).

Thirdly: the body of Muhammad as an example:

1- We have chosen Muhammad as an example to shock those Muhammadans who deify him and consider him an immortal god besides Allah because they disbelief in the monotheism of (There is no God but Allah). This example, of course, shows the history of any human being.

2- Before the parents of Muhammad (namely, Abdullah Ibn Abdul-Mutalib and Aminah daughter of Wahb) got married, the cells of their bodies were nourished by food items available in Mecca and the sperm of Abdullah inseminated the ovum of Aminah after they had marital sex; the zygote inside the womb was Muhammad; it turned into a fetus/embryo and the body and blood of the mother fed it as Aminah consumed food items in Mecca during her pregnancy. Later on, the newly born baby Muhammad was breastfed and this milk of the nursing woman was created in her body by the food items she consumed. As Muhammad grew up, he consumed grown food, digested food/crops/fruits, defecated, urinated, and his cells and body were nurtured by consuming food and water. The body waste returned to earth. This is linked to the mechanism of creation and destruction as per divine calculations of cells and atoms within the body of Muhammad: "On the Day when We fold the heaven, like the folding of a book. Just as We began the first creation, We will repeat it..." (21:104); "Your creation and your resurrection are only as a single soul..." (31:28). Eventually, Muhammad died; his soul returned to its original place; i.e., Barsakh, like all human souls, and his corpse decomposed and its elements and atoms/cells returned to the earth. "And it is He who produced you from a single soul, then a repository, then a depository..." (6:98).

3- After his death, Muhammad's soul returned to Barsakh inside a tomb there; in a state of timelessness and senselessness as if asleep; his ties to the physical world is severed. The soul of Muhammad will be resurrected alongside with all souls of humanity on the Last Day.

4- The corpse of Muhammad decomposed into elements, water, gases, dust, and bones,...etc. like all human corpses of good/bad (dis)believing people: "You will die, and they will die. Then, on the Day of Resurrection, you will be quarrelling before your Lord." (39:30-31); "From it We created you, and into it We will return you, and from it We will bring you out another time." (20:55). This means the dead body of Muhammad is no longer there; after its burial, within days in desert hot environment, his body was consumed by the decomposers (insects, worms, bacteria...etc.), which died in their turn like any creatures, until the skeleton remained for a longer while and then decomposed in its turn; it returned into soil as natural elements and gases and dust; such elements are like the ones forming plants and food items consumed by him and by his parents when they were alive. All calculations of living bodies and decomposed bodies are archived in a Book; such bodies of the dead turned into numbers with unique Barsakh DNA plus numerical data in that Book: "We know what the earth consumes of them, and with us is a comprehensive book." (50:4).

5- The language of numbers is that of all branches of science; likewise, the Lord God estimates the amounts of everything on earth; e.g., water: "And We sent down water from the sky in proper quantity, and settled it in the ground, and We are Able to take it away." (23:18); "He sends down water from the sky, and riverbeds flow according to their capacity." (13:17); ...And We made from water every living thing..." (21:30); "God created every living creature from water..." (24:45). This applies to the estimation of lives of all living creatures and plants on earth within divine calculations. These divine calculations are linked to the Hour, the Hereafter, and the Last Day as well; special rain water will bring/resurrect souls from their Barsakh tombs: "He who sends down water from the sky in due proportion; and so We revive thereby a dead land. Thus you will be brought out." (43:11); "...Just as He originated you, so you will return." (7:29); "There is not a thing but with Us are its stores, and We send it down only in precise measure." (15:21); "He to whom belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth, who took to Himself no son, who never had a partner in His kingship; who created everything and determined its measure." (25:2); "Everything We created is precisely measured." (54:49).

6- Muhammad is a mere speck in the (meta)physical realms of the universe and in the Eternal Realm of the Last Day controlled by precise measures and calculations of the Dominant Lord God. The human being is very weak and minute in relation to the Planet Earth: "And do not walk proudly on earth. You can neither pierce the earth, nor can you match the mountains in height." (17:37); the Planet Earth itself is a mere speck in the Milky Way galaxy which is one of the millions of galaxies in the observable universe. The outer space which fascinates us (with its stars, black holes, galaxies,...etc.) is merely lamps of the lowest heaven: "So He completed them as seven heavens in two days, and He assigned to each heaven its laws. And We decorated the lower heaven with lamps, and for protection. That is the design of the Almighty, the All-Knowing." (41:12); we cannot imagine or reach the seven levels of heaven.

7- The polytheistic Muhammadan ignoramuses made Muhammad a god alongside with Allah and a 'grand intercessor' who controls the Last Day instead of the Dominant Lord God; they never value the Omnipotent Lord God as He should be values: "O people! A parable is presented, so listen to it: Those you invoke besides God will never create a fly, even if they banded together for that purpose. And if the fly steals anything from them, they cannot recover it from it. Weak are the pursuer and the pursued. They do not value God as He should be valued. God is Strong and Powerful." (22:73-74). As always, the Lord God says nothing but the Absolute Truth.

"We Know What the Earth Consumes of Them, and with Us Is a Comprehensive Book." (50:4)

Firstly:

We remind readers that we have mentioned that decomposed bodies of dead people turn into natural elements by decomposers and are absorbed by the soil which feed plants/animals eaten by other living people, and since divine calculations and measures control such a process, this refute the claims of deniers of the Resurrection; the energy (i.e., deeds, thoughts, feelings,...etc.) emitted from living bodies, controlled by souls, are archived by angels in the Book of Deeds which will weave the new, eternal bodies of souls on the Last Day. Each human body has its unique Barsakh DNA; we assert here that the Book of Deeds with its numerical data preserves the unique Barsakh DNA of each one of the human souls. Since matter/energy never ends and since one's physical body is made of the elements of the earth and returns to it upon death, likewise, souls in Barsakh tombs are united with its archive of deeds and Barsakh DNA to be clothed in garments fit for either eternity in Hell or the Eternal Life in Paradise. This is a logical cycle like the one of life/birth and death. The Barsakh DNA of the soul is linked to its outer features resembling its physical body features and is also linked to its ancestry until Adam. This is why, as per the Holy Quran, all souls will be resurrected simultaneously as if they were one soul. The deeds recorded by angels are: actions/movements, words/thoughts, and intentions/feelings. They 'fly' and are copied like audiovisual tapes into the Book of Deeds. The energy emitting from living bodies carries the same Barsakh DNA of the soul, as we infer from here: "For every person We have attached his fate to his neck. And on the Day of Resurrection, We will bring out for him a book which he will find spread open. “Read your book; today there will be none but yourself to call you to judge.”" (17:13-14). The resurrected souls will wear eternal bodies woven of their Book of Deeds or the container of their time spent on earth during the test of life. Alongside with the individual Book of Deeds, there is a collective audiovisual Book of Deeds for each human community within precise divine measures and calculations; it is a numerical book; numbers is the language of science; the remorse of criminals and sinners will be great but in vain when it is too late; on the Day of Judgment, the Scales will be so precise that it will count atoms of deeds, thoughts, words,...etc.: "You will see every community on its knees; every community will be called to its Book: “Today you are being repaid for what you used to do. This Book of Ours speaks about you in truth. We have been transcribing what you have been doing.”" (45:28-29); "And the book will be placed, and you will see the criminals fearful of its contents. And they will say, “Woe to us! What is with this book that leaves nothing, small or big, but it has enumerated it?” They will find everything they had done present. Your Lord does not wrong anyone." (18:49); "There is none in the heavens and the earth but will come to the Dominant Lord as a servant.He has enumerated them, and counted them one by one. And each one of them will come to Him on the Day of Resurrection alone." (19:93-95); "On that Day, the people will emerge in droves, to be shown their deeds.Whoever has done an atom's weight of good will see it.Whoever has done an atom's weight of evil will see it." (99:6-8).

Secondly:

As for this Quranic verse: "We know what the earth consumes of them, and with us is a comprehensive book." (50:4), we will not repeat the example of Muhammad's corpse mentioned in the above section; we will repeat briefly here that since food items grown in the soil nurtures human beings who consume them and help them procreate and live, and since all elements of corpses (water, nitrogen, oxygen,...etc.) return finally to earth by decomposition, this shows the precise measures and calculations of the Dominant Lord God Who controls the universe; this refutes the claims of deniers of the Resurrection Day. This processes and its reverse proves the process of creation of the universe and its destruction or they reverse process. Hence, in light of this, we can easily understand how the souls of the dead will be resurrected and each will be united with its Book of Deeds since energy does not die/end but transforms into other forms/types. The deeds of soul remain as energy recorded in numerical data in the Book of Deeds; this is why resurrected souls will never return to the physical, earthly bodies of clay which are dust destroyed along with the earth and the whole universe. Souls, upon the Resurrection Day, will wear eternal bodies composed of their good or bad deeds carried in their Barsakh DNA and archived in the Book of Deeds. The whole universe and its ornaments will be destroyed and one's deeds will remain; this is the test of life for souls: "We made what is upon the earth an ornament for it, to test them as to which of them is best in conduct." (18:7); "Wealth and children are the adornments of the present life. But the good deeds that last are better with your Lord for reward, and better for hope." (18:46). The divine calculations are lined to all living and dead creatures: "There is no moving creature on earth but its sustenance depends on God. And He knows where it lives and where it rests. Everything is in a Clear Book." (11:6). This Book of registering the quantity and quality of living and dead creatures is linked to the energy of good/bad deeds performed by the human souls as well as their thoughts, feelings/sentiments, intentions, and words. "Though over you are watchers. Honest recorders. They know everything you do." (82:10-12); "Or do they think that We cannot hear their secrets and their conspiracies? Yes indeed, Our messengers are by them, writing down." (43:80). This makes us easily understand the link between human souls and its physical, earthly body and also its Barsakh, eternal body composed of one's deeds recorded by the angels. such angels exist in the Barsakh level of the earth; when the earth and the whole universe will be destroyed within the Hour, the resurrected souls in the Eternal Realm will be united with the Barsakh DNA or Book of Deeds in the form of eternal bodies composed of either good or bad deeds.

The Book of Deeds of Each Soul Is Its Barsakh DNA

Introduction:

The Lord God says the following in the Quran: "I did not call them to witness the creation of the heavens and the earth, nor their own creation..." (18:51). This means the only information about this is found exclusively in the Holy Quran; anything else outside it about this topic is mere useless conjecture. We must never distort meanings of the Quranic verses to accommodate any whims and theories; no one can claim s/he owns the absolute truth about anything. We are to study and analyze all definitive and similar Quranic verses linked to the topic at hand to understand the Quran properly; this Quranist methodology is explained in our book, in English and in French, titled (How to Understand the Holy Quran) found on these two links respectively: (http://www.ahl-alquran.com/arabic/book_main.php?main_id=121 + http://www.ahl-alquran.com/arabic/book_main.php?main_id=153). We also refer readers to an article of ours, English, exemplifying how we apply this Quranist methodology within a topic at hand: (http://www.ahl-alquran.com/English/show_article.php?main_id=16993). Hence, the Holy Quran is our sole imam and only source of guidance, and we trace and discuss, in the points below, all Quranic verses about the topic at hand; i.e. the Barsakh DNA of the human soul.

Firstly: the exclusive focus on the physical human bodies leads to denying the resurrection of human souls:

1- The false notion that human beings are merely bodies of flesh drove the polytheistic ignoramuses of Arabia to deny the resurrection; they posed this question and the Quran has answered them: "And he produces arguments against Us, and he forgets his own creation. He says, “Who will revive the bones when they have decayed?” Say, “He who initiated them in the first instance will revive them. He has knowledge of every creation.”" (36:78-79); "Nor are equal the living and the dead. God causes whomever He wills to hear, but you cannot make those in the tombs hear. You are only a warner." (35:22-23). The word (tombs) here refers to the ones on earth for the burial of human corpses; dead bodies cannot hear and stubborn, defiant, disbelieving polytheists resemble them.

2- Many polytheistic ignoramuses, past and present, worship, sanctify, and deify tombs/mausoleums of the so-called "saints"; they do not seem to realize that entombed corpses have turned into dust and they cannot hear or feel anything: "Those you call upon besides God are servants like you. So call upon them, and let them answer you, if you are truthful. Do they have feet with which they walk? Or do they have hands with which they strike? Or do they have eyes with which they see? Or do they have ears with which they hear? Say, “Call upon your partners, then plot against me, and do not wait.”" (7:194-195); "Those they invoke besides God create nothing, but are themselves created. They are dead, not alive; and they do not know when they will be resurrected." (16:20-21).

3- When the physical body of flesh dies, it is a mere corpse which decomposes and its elements and components return to soil of the earth as per the Omniscient Lord God's calculations and knowledge; the soul of the dead person is stored in Barsakh and its Book of Deeds is sealed as the archive of its lifetime on earth. "...The disbelievers say, “This is something strange.

When we have died and become dust? This is a farfetched return.” We know what the earth consumes of them, and with us is a comprehensive book." (50:2-4); "And they say, “When we are lost into the earth, shall we be in a new creation?” In fact, they deny the meeting with their Lord. Say, “The angel of death put in charge of you will reclaim you. Then to your Lord you will be returned.”" (32:10-11).

4- There are Barsakh tombs which store the souls of the dead. We quote the following Quranic verses about them.

4/1: "When the sky breaks apart. When the planets are scattered. When the oceans are exploded. When the tombs are strewn around. Each soul will know what it has advanced, and what it has deferred." (82:1-5); of course, after the Hour takes place, all the dust of the earthly tombs of billions of bodies of people will be destroyed as the earth and the whole universe will be destroyed; hence, the word (tombs) in 82:4 refers to Barsakh tombs of souls which will be resurrected and clothed in garments made of their deeds which will be made known to them as per 82:5.

4/2: "Does he not know? When the contents of the tombs are scattered around. And the contents of the chests are obtained. Their Lord, on that Day, is fully informed of them." (100:9-11); again, tombs here are of souls inside the Barsakh realm and each of these souls will see its deeds and secrets of hearts/chests in the Book of Deeds which has archived their actions, thoughts, words, stances, secrets, feelings,...etc.

4/3: "Then He puts him to death, and stores him. Then, when He wills, He will resurrect him." (80:21-22); this is about the invisible Barsakh tombs which are used for the storage of souls of the dead in an earthly Barsakh level.

4/4: "That is because God is the truth, and because He gives life to the dead, and because He is Capable of everything. And because the Hour is coming - there is no doubt about it - and because God will resurrect those in the tombs." (22:6-7); the context here is about the resurrection or reviving the souls of the dead from their Barsakh tombs.

Secondly: the exclusive focus on the physical human bodies leads to denying the two earthly Barsakh-level angels assigned to every human soul to record its deeds:

The Lord God says the following in the Holy Quran.

1- "He is the Dominant One over His servants, and He sends guardians over you, until, when death overtakes one of you, Our envoys take him away, and they never fail. Then they are brought back to God, their True Master. Unquestionably, His is the Judgment, and He is the Swiftest of judges." (6:61-62); this means that the (guardians) are the angels whose mission is to transcribe/write deeds of each soul; their mission ends when the angels/envoys of death take this soul to Barsakh as this soul fulfilled its duration of test on earth and its Book of Deeds is like an archive which is stored along with the soul in Barsakh tombs. The souls and their deed will be united upon resurrection on the Last Day.

2- "Though over you are watchers. Honest recorders. They know everything you do." (82:10-12); these are the two angels assigned for every human soul to write its deeds.

3- "It is the same; whether one of you conceals his speech, or declares it; whether he goes into hiding by night, or goes out by day. He has a succession; before him and behind him, watching him as per God’s command..." (13:10-11); this means angels assigned to write every single one of the deeds and words of a given human soul never leave the soul during its lifetime on earth as per the Lord God's leave and Divine Will; i.e., these angels execute His command of recording the lifetime of the souls.

4- "There is no soul without a watcher for it." (86:4); this indicates the fact that there are angels assigned for each human soul; this applies to all human beings.

5- "As the two receivers receive, seated to the right and to the left. Not a word does he utter, but there is a watcher by him, ready." (50:17-19); again, these "two receivers" are the two angels assigned for every human soul, during its lifetime on earth until death, to write its deeds.

Thirdly: the mechanism of recording deeds of the human souls:

1- "God created you from dust, then from a small drop; then He made you pairs. No female conceives, or delivers, except with His knowledge. No living thing advances in years, or its life is shortened, except it be in a Record. That is surely easy for God" (35:11); we have mentioned before that every human baby is born with two containers: the container of time or the soul's duration on earth and the containers of deeds/events; each second passes from the first container to the second one; this goes on until the first container ends and the human being dies after fulfilling the assigned duration of test on earth; the second container is sealed/closed as an archive of deeds which will weave the garment that will clothe the resurrected soul on the Last Day.

2- "When the sky is ruptured. And hearkens to its Lord, as it must." (84:1-2); souls die and return to Barsakh, its original place, and when the Hour comes and the earth and the universe are destroyed, resurrected souls will leave their earthly (as opposed to heavenly) Barsakh-level tombs to be judged on the Last Day; this is about the earth and its Barsakh levels: "And when the earth is leveled out. And casts out what is in it, and becomes empty. And hearkens to its Lord, as it must." (84:3-5); this means the Planet Earth, before/during its destruction, will obey its Creator, the Lord God, and force the souls out of its earthly Barsakh level upon the Resurrection Day; this is about the Book of Deeds and the outcome either in Paradise or in Hell for eternity: "O man! You are laboring towards your Lord, and you will meet Him. As for him who is given his book in his right hand. He will have an easy settlement. And will return to his family delighted. But as for him who is given his book behind his back. He will call for death. And will enter the Blaze." (84:6-12).

3- This is about the advent of the Hour when the earth and the universe is destroyed: "When the sun is rolled up. When the stars are dimmed. When the mountains are set in motion. When the relationships are suspended. When the beasts are gathered. When the oceans are set aflame." (81:1-6); this is about souls being united with their deeds upon resurrection: "When the souls are paired." (81:7).

4- This is about the destruction of the earth and its Barsakh levels within the Hour of the destruction of the universe: "When the earth is shaken with its quake. And the earth brings out its loads." (99:1-2); these loads are the Book of deeds of souls and not anything physical or tangible on earth; for instance, mountains will be destroyed: "On the Day when the earth and the mountains tremble, and the mountains become heaps of sand." (74:14); hence, the resurrected souls will ask the following about the earth: "And man says, “What is the matter with it?”" (99:3); this is about the destroyed earth and its Barsakh levels: "On that Day, it will tell its tales. For your Lord will have inspired it." (99:4-5); (tales) here means the Book of Deeds of each soul stored as per the inspiration of the Lord God; this is about the gathering of souls for Judgment as they see/read their deeds: "On that Day, the people will emerge in droves, to be shown their deeds. Whoever has done an atom's weight of good will see it. Whoever has done an atom's weight of evil will see it." (99:6-8).

5- Souls are resurrected on the Last Day while carrying its deeds; this is about the unjust sinners carrying its loads/burdens of sins: "Losers are those who deny the encounter with God. Then, when the Hour comes upon them suddenly, they will say, “Alas for us, how we have neglected it.” And they will carry their burdens on their backs - evil is what they carry." (6:31); this is about disbelievers: "They will carry their own loads, and other loads with their own. And they will be questioned on the Day of Resurrection concerning what they used to fabricate." (29:13).

Fourthly: the nature of the Barsakh DNA of human souls:

1- All souls were created by the Lord God from the soul of Adam; the soul of Adam's wife/mate was created from the soul of Adam: "O people! Fear your Lord, who created you from a single soul, and created from it its mate, and propagated from them many men and women..." (4:1); "It is He who created you from a single soul, and made from it its mate..." (7:189); "He created you from one soul, then made from it its mate..." (39:6). Souls are assigned durations on earth to be tested and they die by leaving the bodies forever and return to Barsakh while carrying a body woven of their recorded/regarded deeds and faith; this new, eternal body of each soul will emerge upon resurrection. The resurrection process is the reverse one in relation to the creation process: "Your creation and your resurrection are only as a single soul..." (31:28).

2- Despite the above point, each human soul is unique and special because of its deeds and its carrying a storage for the souls of its ancestors and another storage for the souls of its progeny just as one's body carries some features of DNA of one's ancestors: "And it is He who produced you from a single soul, then a repository, then a depository..." (6:98). This uniqueness is the Barsakh DNA of each human soul.

3- The Lord God refutes the stance of deniers of the Resurrection Day here: "Does man think that We will not reassemble his bones? Yes indeed; We are Able to reconstruct his fingertips." (75:3-4); these (fingertips) are of souls and not bodies even when souls will take the image and shape of their physical bodies on earth (as souls of relatives and friends will know one another); such fingertips of souls have unique fingerprints (our guess: maybe like those fingerprints of the hands of the destroyed earthly bodies of these souls) and also unique Barsakh DNA. This is asserted by the Quranic fact that the angels of death slap the faces and kick the bottoms of the souls, not bodies, of disbelievers: "If only you could see, as the angels take away those who disbelieve, striking their faces and their bottoms: “Taste the torment of the Burning.”" (8:50); "How about when the angels take them at death, beating their faces and their bottoms?" (47:27).

4- This means the archived deeds of each soul, in its sealed/closed Book of Deeds after death, carry their unique Barsakh DNA; this compellingly reminds us of 6:98; this is about souls' deeds archived in Barsakh: "For every person We have attached his fate to his neck. And on the Day of Resurrection, We will bring out for him a book which he will find spread open. “Read your book; today there will be none but yourself to call you to judge.”" (17:13-14); this means that on the Last Day, souls will read/see their Book of Deeds.

5- The unique Barsakh DNA of each of the human souls is carried in its Book of Deeds inside Barsakh which will be akin to the Barsakh DNA of the physical, earthly body of this soul since it will carry its bodily image. Science and advanced technologies of today show that deeds of people carry their unique DNA (and also some unique heat/energy of their bodies) just like fingerprints and this is employed to prove the actions and the presence of criminals on the crime scene.

6- On the Resurrection Day, each of the human souls will be united with its deeds which carry its Barsakh DNA: "When the souls are paired." (81:7).

The Scales of Judging Souls on of the Day of Judgment Are Based Also on Weighing Feelings and Not Only on Overt Deeds of Human Souls

Introduction:

The Book of Deeds is something and the weighing of deeds in the Scales of the Day of Judgment is something else. On the Last Day souls will be resurrected while carrying its deeds (i.e., archive of deeds forming the eternal garments of these souls). Resurrected souls will see/read their deeds (see 99:6-8); "What is with this book that leaves nothing, small or big, but it has enumerated it?” They will find everything they had done present. Your Lord does not wrong anyone." (18:49). The archive of each soul includes recording audiovisual words/actions and also recording invisible thoughts/feelings of the souls; yet, the Scales of the Day of Judgment will weigh the invisible aspect since monotheism will make good deeds acceptable and bad ones forgiven (for those who have repented) so that souls enter into Paradise; unrepentant sinful souls will enter into Hell and so are souls of polytheists/disbelievers and their good deeds will be nullified and wasted; hence, stances, sentiments/feelings, and innermost thoughts/secrets of souls are of paramount importance in relation to the Scales of the Day of Judgment. We provide some details in the points below.

Firstly: between scales in this transient world and the Scales of the Day of Judgment:

1- The two sides of the Scales of the Day of Judgment will carry the Divine Book (e.g. the Quran) on one side, as the Criterion or unit of measurement, and the Book of Deeds of each soul on the other side to be weighed as per the Divine Book; i.e., the soul's deeds, thoughts, sentiments, faith,...etc. were against the Lord God's Word or matching it. This Criterion or the Divine Book to judge human souls and weigh their deeds and faith is One; this means the Only Book in Islam/monotheism now in our era is the Holy Quran (the Lord God's Word) and NOT the illogical duality, i.e., of the Quran plus Sunna-hadiths books, proposed by the polytheistic Muhammadan ignoramuses. As per the Divine Justice of the Lord God on the Last Day, the Scales of the Day of Judgment must be heavy with many good deeds and monotheism so that the soul is among the winners in Paradise; those with light Scales because of lack of sufficient good deeds and lack of monotheistic belief will enter into Hell: "We will set up the Scales of Justice for the Day of Resurrection, so that no soul will suffer the least injustice. And even if it be the weight of a mustard-seed, We will bring it up. Sufficient are We as Judge." (21:47); "Those whose Scales are heavy - those are the successful. But those whose Scales are light - those are they who have lost their souls; in Hell they will dwell forever." (23:102-103); "The Scales on that Day will be just. Those whose weights are heavy - it is they who are the successful. But as for those whose weights are light - it is they who have lost their souls, because they were unjust towards Our Verses." (7:8-9); "As for he whose Scales are heavy. He will be in a pleasant life. But as for he whose Scales are light. His mother is the Abyss. Do you know what it is? A Raging Fire." (101:6-11). By the way, the word (mother) in 101:9 means that Hell is the final abode/womb which will engulf heedless sinners for eternity; they will never get out of Hell.

Secondly: the Scales of the Day of Judgment:

1- On the Last Day, the Divine Book will be put forth and the souls (of prophets/messengers and the witnesses who will testify against their peoples first and then the rest of other souls) will be gathered for Judgment at the Scales: "And the earth will shine with the Light of its Lord; and the Book will be put in place; and the prophets and the witnesses will be brought in; and Judgment will be passed among them equitably, and they will not be wronged. And every soul will be fully compensated for what it had done. He is well aware of what they do." (39:69-70).

2- The Book of Deeds of a given soul is weighed on one side of the Scales against the Divine Book as Criterion, the Truth, or unit of measurement on the other side of the Scales; lightness in the Scales means that this soul denied, rejected, disbelieved in, were unjust towards, or were heedless of God's Verses; this is inferred from this Quranic context: "The Scales on that Day will be just. Those whose weights are heavy - it is they who are the successful. But as for those whose weights are light - it is they who have lost their souls, because they were unjust towards Our Verses." (7:8-9).

3- The witnesses (i.e., prophets/messengers and preachers of the Truth who are among non-prophets) will testify against their contemporaries/nations/peoples. By the way, the testimony of witnesses against the Muhammadans will emphasize their accusing the Quran of [1] being lacking and insufficient in religion, and [2] needing their fabricated hadiths/narratives: "On the Day when We raise in every community a witness against them, from among them, and bring you as a witness against these. We have revealed to you the Book, as an explanation of all things, and guidance, and mercy and good news for those who submit." (16:89). Muhammad will testify against his people/contemporaries and also against the rejecters of the Quran who abandoned it while claiming their belief in it: "And the messenger will say, “My Lord, my people have abandoned this Quran.”" (25:30).

Thirdly: the Scales of the Day of Judgment include weighing feelings of human souls and not only their deeds:

1- The Day of Judgment is for all souls of all humanity regardless of their different tongues: "...That is a Day for which humanity will be gathered together - that is a Day to be witnessed." (11:103); each human community will have their collective Book of Deeds plus the individual Book of Deeds of each soul: "You will see every community on its knees; every community will be called to its Book: “Today you are being repaid for what you used to do. This Book of Ours speaks about you in truth. We have been transcribing what you have been doing.”" (45:28-29).

2- Judgment and the Scales of the Hereafter are based on the universal language of feelings which is shared by all human souls despite their different tongues, regions, and eras. Souls have feelings/sentiments of monotheism or monotheism, disbelief or belief, heedlessness or remembrance, impiety or piety, disobedience or obedience, hypocrisy or devotion/sincerity,...etc. Hence, there are souls which sanctify/deify and worship gods/allies/saints (among mortals and things) besides Allah and believe in many discourses/hadiths alongside with the Quran and make them replace or supplant its verses; there are those monotheists who believe in the Only Discourse in Islam: the Holy Quran. We refer our readers to this article of ours, in English, titled (Quranic Terminology: Discourse/Hadeeth), found on this link:

http://www.ahl-alquran.com/English/show_article.php?main_id=20328

3- Accordingly, the universal language of feelings/sentiments includes piety and its opposite or lack of it within prayers and other acts of worship as this (im)piety is not shown overtly; rather, it lies within the human souls' chests/hearts known only to the Omniscient Lord God Who knows it when prayers are offered within impiety by hypocrites whose Scales are very light and within piety by monotheists who fill their Scales with many good deeds: "Successful are the believers. Those who are pious in their prayers." (23:1-2); "The hypocrites try to deceive God, but He is deceiving them. And when they stand for prayers, they stand lazily, showing off in front of people, and remembering God only a little." (4:142); "...and that they do not approach prayers except lazily..." (9:54); "So woe to those who pray. Those who are heedless of their prayers. Those who put on the appearance. And withhold the assistance." (107:4-7).

4- Sincere, humble supplications in murmuring voices within monotheism and their opposite; i.e., the grave sin/transgression of religious singing by some Christians and some Muhammadans and supplications in loud voices plus polytheistic invocations, pertain to the universally shared language of feelings/sentiments which will be weighed in the Scales of the Day of Judgment: "...You call upon Him humbly and inwardly: “If He delivers us from this, We will surely be among the thankful.”" (6:63); " Call upon your Lord humbly and in low voices. He does not love the aggressors." (7:55); "And remember your Lord within yourself, humbly and fearfully, and quietly..." (7:205).

5- Monotheism, sincere repentance, dedication, and devotion as opposed to heedlessness, non-repentance, polytheism, and hypocrisy pertain to the universally shared language of feelings/sentiments which will be weighed in the Scales of the Day of Judgment: "...So call upon Him, and dedicate your religion to Him alone..." (7:29); "We sent down to you the Book with the Truth, so worship God, dedicating your religion to Him." (39:2); "Say, “I was commanded to worship God, dedicating my religion exclusively to Him." (39:11); "So call upon God, with sincere devotion to Him, even though the disbelievers resent it." (40:14); "The hypocrites will be in the lowest level of the Fire, and you will find no helper for them. Except those who repent, and reform, and hold fast to God, and dedicate their religion to God alone. These are with the believers; and God will give the believers a great reward." (4:145-146); "It is He who transports you across land and sea. Until, when you are on ships, sailing in a favorable wind, and rejoicing in it, a raging wind arrives. The waves surge over them from every side, and they realize that they are besieged. Thereupon they pray to God, professing sincere devotion to Him: “If You save us from this, we will be among the thankful ones.” But then, when He has saved them, they commit violations on earth, and oppose justice. O people! Your violations are against your own souls. It is the enjoyment of the present life. Then to Us is your return, and We will inform you of what you used to do." (10:22-23); "And most of them do not believe in God unless as polytheists." (12:106).

6- The souls of people who lived and died within piety, known only to the Omniscient Lord God, will have heavy Scales allowing them to enter into Paradise which is inherited only by the pious ones: "Such is Paradise which We will give as inheritance to those of Our servants who are pious." (19:63); "And those who feared their Lord within piety will be led to Paradise in throngs. Until, when they have reached it, and its gates are opened, its keepers will say to them, “Peace be upon you, you have been good, so enter it, to abide therein eternally.”" (39:73); "Whatever good they do, they will not be denied it. God knows the pious ones." (3:115); "...God is fully aware of the righteous ones." (9:44).

7- The impious souls will have light Scales and their fate is Hell abiding therein forever; their good deeds (as no souls lack good deeds) will be nullified by the Lord God because of their disbelief, impiety, and polytheism.

Fifthly: nullifying the good deeds of polytheists/disbelievers when weighed in the Scales of the Day of Judgment:

1- When the Lord God nullifies the good deeds of polytheists/disbelievers (i.e., wasting its fruit or outcome or making them in vain), their sins are what is left to them in the Scales and they will be among losers in Hell: "It was revealed to you, and to those before you, that if you adhere to polytheism, your works will be in vain, and you will be of the losers." (39:65); "We will proceed to the works they did, and will turn them into scattered dust." (25:23).

2- This means their Scales will be light and not heavy; their nullified good deeds have no weight in the Scales; their fate is Hell for eternity: "It is they who rejected the Verses of their Lord, and the Encounter with Him. So their works are in vain. And on the Day of Resurrection, We will give them no weight at all." (18:105).

3- This includes those who die as polytheistic disbelievers who rejected monotheism/Islam; e.g., those who build harmful mosques to worship/sanctify and revere/praise the false allies/saints/gods alongside with the Only True Lord God: Allah. "...Whoever among you turns back from his religion, and dies a disbeliever - those are they whose works will come to nothing, in this life, and in the Hereafter. Those are the inmates of the Fire, abiding in it forever." (2:217); "It is not for the polytheists to attend God’s mosques while professing their disbelief. These - their works are in vain, and in the Fire they will abide." (9:17).

Sixthly: the meaning of nullifying their deeds within the mechanism of the Scales of the Day of Judgment:

It is impossible that on the Day of Judgment, there will be a case of good deeds and bad ones equal to one another in terms of quantity; monotheism (i.e., dedicating religion and acts of worship within piety only to Allah and to believe in the Quran only without other discourses/narratives) will make the Scales heavy, thus allowing the good, pious souls to enter into Paradise forever. In contrast, polytheism (i.e., deifying mortals/things and the belief in devilish hadiths/discourses/narratives/tales) will make the Scales light and the sins of the impious souls will cause them to enter into Hell for eternity.

Lastly:

During the weighing of the deeds, thoughts, feelings, words, stances, etc. in the Scales of the Day of Judgment, the innermost secrets of the human souls are searched and weighed as such sentiments/secrets drove souls to perform any deeds; this is about the resurrection: "He is certainly able to return him. On the Day when the secrets are disclosed." (86:8-9).

Torment of Physical Bodies on Earth and Torment of Eternal Bodies in the Hereafter

Introduction:

It is a common misconception that the physical bodies created of the earth will be resurrected along with souls and that torment is only in the Hereafter. We know from the Quran that each human soul has two bodies: the earthly one it wears during the test of life on earth, and it leaves forever in death, and the eternal body which will clothe it composed of its bad or good deeds recorded by the angels. We know also from the Quran that torment may be inflicted on earthly bodies in this transient world; torment will continue, in Hell, for these sinful souls on the Last Day if they die without repentance.

Firstly: torment inflicted in this temporary world:

The main Quranic rule regarding the torment inflicted by the Lord God on sinners in this transient world is found here: "...Whoever performs evil deeds will be penalized for them..." (4:123); hence, recompense has the same nature as one's deeds/works. This means any sins or bad deeds performed by monotheists or polytheists will be punished in this world in the form of ordeals, hardships, calamities, losses...etc. and this would be lessened if the sinful persons repent, reform their souls, make amends, and sincerely implore the Lord God for pardon and forgiveness. "Whatever misfortune befalls you, it is because of what your hands have earned; and yet He pardons much." (42:30). Evil souls of those unjust, oppressive corrupters who seek possessions/riches, by whatever dishonest means, commit many transgressions, sins, injustices, and violations. Hence, their ill-gotten wealth and their pampered, corrupt, troublemaking offspring will be the reason for their sorrow, anxiety, and torment in this world. This is exemplified by the Yathreb hypocrites in the Lord God's prediction about them: "Let neither their possessions nor their children impress you. God intends to torment them through them in this worldly life, and that their souls depart while they are disbelievers." (9:55); "Do not let their possessions and their children impress you. God desires to torment them through them in this world, and their souls depart while they are disbelievers." (9:85). Disbelievers will be tormented in this worldly life and in the Afterlife if they die without sincere repentance: " As for those who disbelieve, I will torment them with a severe torment, in this world and the next, and they will have no helpers." (3:56); the same applies to the Yathreb hypocrites during Muhammad's era and to all disbelieving, unjust souls in all eras. Such torment may include heavy losses, depression, anxiety, deep-seated fear and insecurity, crises, physical and psychological ailments, catastrophes, hardships...etc. In contrast, part from Paradise in the Hereafter for pious monotheists who believe in Allah and in the Last Day, their reward in this worldly life is contentment, security, serenity, tranquility, peace of mind, and psychological wellbeing; these items pertain to the soul/heart. Their bliss and joy continued in Paradise. "Whoever works righteousness, whether male or female, while being a believer, We will grant him a good life - and We will reward them according to the best of what they used to do." (16:97); "Those who believe, and whose hearts find comfort in the remembrance of God. Surely, it is in the remembrance of God that hearts find comfort.”" (13:28); "While those who believe, and work righteousness, and believe in what was sent down to Muhammad - and it is the truth from their Lord - He remits their sins, and relieves their concerns." (47:2); "He will guide them, and will improve their state of mind. And will admit them into Paradise, which He has identified for them." (47:5-6). The torment of this worldly life is exemplified by worshipers of Mammon/money; apart from their suffering heavy losses, anxiety, and ailments, they will enter into Hell because of their stinginess/greed in case of their death without repentance and without heeding the repeated warnings of instances of tests/ordeals: "Those who withhold what God has given them of his bounty should not assume that is good for them. In fact, it is bad for them. They will be encircled by their hoardings on the Day of Resurrection. To God belongs the inheritance of the heavens and the earth, and God is well acquainted with what you do." (3:180); this is about corrupt clergymen of Satan: "O you who believe! Many of the rabbis and priests consume people's wealth illicitly, and hinder from God’s path. Those who hoard gold and silver, and do not spend them in God’s cause, inform them of a painful torment. On the Day when they will be heated in the Fire of Hell, then their foreheads, and their sides, and their backs will be branded with them: “This is what you hoarded for yourselves; so taste what you used to hoard.”" (9:34-35); these two verses apply also to clergymen of the Muhammadans, past and present. Torment inflicted in this worldly life is not a form of revenge; rather, it is a warning so that heedless sinners may repent and remember their Lord God and the Last Day; some of them pay attention, remember, and repent and some do not. The Lord God says the following in the Holy Quran: "But as for those who transgressed, their shelter is the Fire. Every time they try to get out of it, they will be brought back into it, and it will be said to them, “Taste the suffering of the Fire which you used to deny.” We will make them taste the lesser torment, prior to the greater torment, so that they may return." (32:20-21); "When some adversity touches the human being, he prays to his Lord, repenting to Him. But then, when He confers on him a grace of His, he forgets what he was praying for before, and he attributes rivals to God, in order to lead astray from His way. Say, “Enjoy your disbelief for a little while; you will be among the inmates of the Fire.”" (39:8); "When harm afflicts you at sea, those you pray to vanish, except for Him. But when He saves you to land, you turn away; the human being tends to disbelieve." (17:67); "Do they not see that they are tested once or twice every year? Yet they do not repent, and they do not learn." (9:126); "What of him whose evil deed was made attractive to him, and so he regards it as good? God leads astray those willing to be misguided, and He guides those willing to be guided. Therefore, do not waste your soul sorrowing over them. God knows exactly what they do." (35:8); "...Their hearts have become blackened by what they used to earn." (83:14). The term (hearts) means the souls of those unrepentant inners who will be the Hell dwellers whom we discuss in the points below.

Secondly: the torment of the soul within its eternal body inside Hell in the Hereafter:

The Lord God says the following in the Holy Quran: "...Their hearts have become blackened by what they used to earn." (83:14); this means their sins and non-repentance made their souls blacken; i.e., their souls will wear eternal bodies/garments woven of sins; they will be fuel for Hell-Fire; the Lord God warns believers here beforehand against this: "O you who believe! Protect yourselves and your families from a Fire, whose fuel is people and stones. Over it are angels, fierce and powerful. They never disobey God in anything He commands them, and they carry out whatever they are commanded." (66:6). The Lord God is Light and His Book is the Light of guidance: "God is the Light of the heavens and the earth. The allegory of His Light is that of a pillar on which is a lamp. The lamp is within a glass. The glass is like a brilliant planet, fueled by a blessed tree, an olive tree, neither eastern nor western. Its oil would almost illuminate, even if no fire has touched it. Light upon Light. God guides to His Light those who are willing to be guided. God thus cites the parables for the people. God is cognizant of everything." (24:35). The Divine, Celestial Book is Light (see 5:15-16, 5:44, and 5:46). There only two stances, in this worldly life, of human souls regarding this Divine Light/Book: to (dis)believe in it. This is why human souls, in this world and the next one, are generally divided by the Lord God into believers and disbelievers. Following the Light of guidance means to adhere to piety; the conscience of the soul will prompt monotheists to seek Paradise by performing many good deeds: "Is he who was dead, then We gave him life, and made for him a light by which he walks among the people, like he who is in total darkness, and cannot get out of it? Thus the doings of disbelievers are made to appear good to them." (6:122); "Those who are righteous - when an impulse from Satan strikes them, they remind themselves, and immediately see clearly." (7:201). This figurative Light of guidance will turn into literal light in the Hereafter for the pious ones who deserve Paradise: "On the Day when you see the believing men and believing women - their light radiating ahead of them, and to their right: “Good news for you today: gardens beneath which rivers flow, dwelling therein forever. That is the great triumph.” On the Day when the hypocritical men and hypocritical women will say to those who believed, “Wait for us; let us absorb some of your light.” It will be said, “Go back behind you, and seek light.” A wall will be raised between them, in which is a door; within it is mercy, and outside it is torment." (57:12-13); "Those who believe in God and His messengers - these are the sincere and the witnesses with their Lord; they will have their reward and their light. But as for those who disbelieve and deny Our Verses - these are the Hell dwellers." (57:19). The disbelievers who reject the Light of guidance (i.e., the Celestial Book or the Reminder, or the Remembrance) are misguided the more by devilish companions, who pertain to the darkness of evil and polytheism/disbelief, seen by their souls only on the Last Day: "Whoever shuns the Remembrance of the Dominant Lord, We assign for him a devil, to be his companion. They hinder them from the path, though they think they are guided. Until, when He comes to Us, he will say, “If only there were between me and you the distance of the two Easts.” What an evil companion! It will not benefit you on that Day, since you did wrong. You are partners in torment." (43:36-39); more detail are found in the following Quranic context: "We created the human being, and We know what his soul whispers to him. We are nearer to him than his jugular vein. As the two receivers receive, seated to the right and to the left. Not a word does he utter, but there is a watcher by him, ready. The daze of death has come in truth: “This is what you tried to evade.” And the Trumpet is blown: “This is the Promised Day.” And every soul will come forward, accompanied by a driver and a witness. “You were in neglect of this, so We lifted your screen from you, and your vision today is keen.” And his companion will say, “This is what I have ready with me.” “Throw into Hell every stubborn disbeliever. Preventer of good, aggressor, doubter. Who fabricated another god with God; toss him into the intense torment.” His companion will say, “Our Lord, I did not make him rebel, but he was far astray.” He will say, “Do not feud in My presence - I had warned you in advance. The decree from Me will not be changed, and I am not unjust to the servants.” On the Day when We will say to Hell, “Are you full?” And it will say, “Are there any more?” And Paradise will be brought closer to the pious, not far away." (50:16-31).

The worst blackened hearts/faces/souls in the Hereafter are the deceitful imams/clergymen of disbelief and polytheism who fabricate terrestrial religions based on false, invented, devilish narratives/hadiths ascribed by them to the Lord God and to His Religion; we read this about them: "On the Day of Resurrection, you will see those who told lies about God with their faces blackened. Is there not a place in Hell for the arrogant ones?" (39:60). In contrast, we read this about the followers of the Truth: "What about someone whose heart God has opened to Islam, so that he follows a Light from His Lord? Woe to those whose hearts are hardened against the mention of God. Those are in manifest error." (39:22-23). Blackened souls/faces in the Hereafter have nothing to do with skin colors of the human races mentioned here: "And of His signs is the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the diversity of your tongues and colors. In this are signs for those who know." (30:22); regardless of the different skin colors in this world, the souls of heedless and unjust sinners/disbelievers in the Hereafter will have blackened faces as if covered in layers if darkness and this is in contrast to radiant faces of the pious, good souls in the Hereafter: "On the Day when some faces will be whitened, and some faces will be blackened. As for those whose faces are blackened: “Did you disbelieve after your belief?” Then taste the torment for having disbelieved. But as for those whose faces are whitened: they are in God’s mercy, remaining in it forever." (3:106-107); "Faces on that Day will be radiant. Laughing and rejoicing. And Faces on that Day will be covered with misery. Overwhelmed by remorse. These are the disbelieving sinners." (80:38-42).

Lastly:

The Divine Justice is manifested here; souls choose their fate in the Hereafters per their choosing (mis)guidance in this transient world and the Lord God's Divine Will endorses and affirms what one chooses for oneself; one's faith and deeds will bring to one either Hell torment or Paradise bliss: "...No burdened soul carries the burdens of another..." (17:15) ; "No burdened soul can carry the burden of another." (35:81); "That no soul bears the burdens of another soul. And that the human being attains only what he strives for. And that his efforts will be witnessed. Then he will be rewarded for it the fullest reward." (53:38-41). The Lord God is never unjust towards the Hell dwellers; they have been unjust towards their own souls: "...We did not wrong them, but they were unjust towards their own souls." (16:118); Hell is the recompense and outcome of their deeds: "But whoever brings evil - their faces will be tumbled into the Fire. Will you be rewarded except for what you used to do?" (27:90). As always, the Lord God says nothing but the Absolute Truth.

About the Law of Pairs, the Houris, and the Angels of Hell

Firstly: the law of pairs in the Quran:

1- The Holy Quran, revealed more than 14 centuries ago, asserts the law of pairs in all (non)human and (in)animate creatures: male and female, matter and anti-matter, atom and anti-atom, nucleus and anti-nucleus, the universe and the counter-universe,...etc.; the Only One Who has no pair is the Lord God: "Say, “He is God, the One. God, the Absolute. He begets not, nor was He begotten. And there is nothing comparable to Him.”" (112:1-4). "We created all things in pairs, so that you may reflect and ponder." (51:49); "He Who created all the pairs..." (43:12); "Glory be to Him who created all the pairs; of what the earth produces, and of their own souls, and of what they do not know." (36:36).

2- As for human beings, the law of pairs is the creation of human males and human females. "God has given you mates from among yourselves; and has produced for you, from your mates, children and grandchildren; and has provided you with good things. Will they then believe in falsehood, and refuse God’s favors?" (16:72); "And that it is He who created the two kinds - the male and the female. From a sperm drop, when emitted. And that upon Him is the next emergence." (53:45-47). This (next emergence) is the soul's eternal body woven of its faith and deeds which will emerge on the Resurrection Day.

3- When an atom of matter encounters an atom of antimatter, they destroy each other; the same will occur in the tremendous explosion of the Hour when the universe collides against the counter-universe. This does not happen when the human male and the human female meet within having marital sex as mates that breed; marriage is ordained for the procreation of children. This applies to pairs of plants, insects, and animals of different types. The difference between the male and female human bodies is not a one of contradiction as both sexes complement each other and are born of one soul of Adam: "O people! Fear your Lord, who created you from a single soul, and created from it its mate, and propagated from them many men and women..." (4:1). Science proves that in each human male, there is a percentage of femininity and that in each human female, there is a percentage of masculinity.

4- In light of the above, we assert the Quranic fact that, unlike the common but wrong notion, houris as part of Paradise pleasures and bliss, will not be exclusively granted to those who were male pious believers; rather, they will be granted also to those who were female pious believers; we mean that the new, eternal bodies which will clothe the pious souls who deserve Paradise will make all of the Paradise dwellers pertaining to one sex. All of the Paradise dwellers will enjoy houris (who will be woven of good deeds as will be the case with other Paradise pleasures described in the Quran) regardless of the sex of their bodies during their lifetimes on earth when they were males and females. Let us give this example to illustrate this point further: a married couple (i.e., a husband and a wife) have performed many good deeds and acts of worship within monotheism and piety while seeking to gratify their Lord God and they have avoided grave sins and supplicated to the Lord God to forgive their mistakes; when their souls will enter into Paradise on the Last Day, they will be no longer a man/husband/male and a woman/wife/female; they will be no longer a couple; both of them will belong to one sex, which is neither male or female, labeled as (Paradise dwellers); both of them will have houris as part of their rewards in Paradise bliss and pleasures. In this world, their good deeds, monotheism, piety, and acts of worship had no sex (i.e., masculine/feminine or male/female) at all attached to them; both souls on the Last Day and inside Paradise will be clothed in radiant garments composed of their good deeds. All descriptions of Paradise pleasures will apply to both of them.

5- The Quranic verses which describe Paradise pleasures and bliss (including houris) employ the figurative style so that the limited human mind can understand and grasp; in fact, imagining what Paradise will look like (in the New, Eternal Realm of the Last Day which has static time which has no present, past, and future and it has a beginning but no end) is beyond the capacity of the human senses and mind/heart/soul still imprisoned in the flesh bodies created from mud and confined in this physical realm known as the Planet Earth which is enveloped by the dimension of moving time. The metaphoric figurative style is employed here about Paradise though no human tongues can ever fully describe it: "The likeness of the Garden promised to the righteous ones: in it are rivers of pure water, and rivers of milk forever fresh, and rivers of wine delightful to the drinkers, and rivers of strained honey. And therein they will have of every fruit, and forgiveness from their Lord." (47:15); this is about how people cannot imagine fully what Paradise will look like: "No soul knows what eye’s delight awaits them - a reward for what they used to do." (32:17).

Secondly: the Quranic description of houris:

Each resurrected soul will be united with its garment made of its good or bad deeds: "When the souls are paired." (81:7). Good, pious souls will have radiant garments and radiant, purified spouses/houris inside Paradise: "So it is, and We will couple them with gorgeous houris." (44:54); "...And they will have pure spouses therein, and they will abide therein forever." (2:25); "...where they will remain forever, and purified spouses..." (3:15); "Relaxing on luxurious furnishings; and We will couple them with gorgeous houris." (52:20); "The inhabitants of Paradise, on that Day, will be happily busy. They and their spouses, in shades, reclining on couches." (36:55-56); "Enter Paradise, you and your spouses, joyfully." (43:70); "With them will be bashful spouses with lovely eyes. As if they were closely guarded pearls." (37:48-49); "In them are spouses restraining their glances, untouched before by any man or jinn." (55:56); "Houris secluded in the tents. So which of your Lord’s marvels will you deny? Whom no human has touched before, nor jinn. So which of your Lord’s marvels will you deny? Reclining on green cushions, and exquisite carpets. So which of your Lord’s marvels will you deny? Blessed be the name of your Lord, Full of Majesty and Splendor." (55:72-78); "And uplifted mattresses. We have created them of special creation. And made them virgins. Tender and un-aging." (56:34-38); "And lovely houris. The likenesses of treasured pearls. As a reward for what they used to do." (56:22-24).

Thirdly: the angels of Hell:

Let us provide this example: a married couple (i.e., a husband and a wife) have chosen to commit many sins/crimes and they intentionally have disobeyed the commands of the Lord God; they were never grateful for the bounties granted to them by the Lord God; they were polytheists who deified and believed in intercessors/saints and false mortal deities; they died without repentance. Since this husband and this wife have rejected the Quran which is the Remembrance of their Lord God, their devilish companions urged them to go on sinning and to continue their evildoing; on the Last Day, both souls of this man and this woman will wear a new, eternal body woven of their sins and bad deeds; they are no longer a couple (i.e., a man and a wife), as they will belong to one sex, which is neither male or female, labeled as (Hell dwellers). Their bad deeds and sins will fuel Hell and its torment for them forever; this context apply to (fe)male human beings who will deserve Hell because disbelief has no sex; it is not masculine or feminine: "As for those who disbelieve, for them is the Fire of Hell, wherein they will never be finished off and die, nor will its torment be lightened for them. Thus We will repay every disbeliever. And they will scream therein, “Our Lord, let us out, and we will act righteously, differently from the way we used to act.” Did We not give you a life long enough, in which anyone who wanted to understand would have understood? And the warner did come to you. So taste. The unjust ones will have no helper." (35:36-37). In contrast to radiant, beautiful houris in Paradise woven of good deeds of pious souls for their enjoyment/pleasure, the souls of the Hell dwellers will have pairs (woven of their polytheism, bad deeds, and sins) which will add to their torment: "All this. Let them taste it - boiling and bitter cold. And similar torments of diverse pairs." (38:57-58); there will be angels of Hell headed by an angel named (Malik), created when Hell will be created in the Hereafter, to torment Hell dwellers (who will include human souls and also Satan and the sinners among the jinn and the devils): "And they will cry, “O Malik, let your Lord finish us off.” He will say, “You are staying.” We have given you the Truth, but most of you hate the Truth." (43:77-78); the Lord God warns monotheists here against this: "O you who believe! Protect yourselves and your families from a Fire, whose fuel is people and stones. Over it are angels, fierce and powerful. They never disobey God in anything He commands them, and they carry out whatever they are commanded." (66:6); such angels will be more powerful than Hell as they will not be tormented and they will not feel the Hell-Fire.

Thus, the law of pairs ends when the universe is destroyed by the advent of the Hour; the human souls in Hell and in Paradise will be no longer males and females; no procreation will occur in the Hereafter and the Eternal Life in the Eternal Realm. Resurrected souls will be classified as per their deeds and faith/belief. Hence, houris of Paradise will be for all Paradise dwellers sans exception regardless of their previous sex (i.e., [fe]male) during their lifetimes on earth. Likewise, hell dwellers will no longer be males and females as they used to be during their lifetimes on earth; they will be tormented forever by the angels of Hell torment.

The last line:

One of the main reasons behind misunderstanding the Quran is to adhere to the erroneous notion that terms and expressions like (those who believed), (believers), and (disbelievers) are intended to refer only to males and that the term (houris) refers to females. We should bear in mind, as we read and ponder the Quranic text, the fact that the masculine and feminine gender of some Quranic/Arabic words does not signify the male or female sex.

CONCLUSION of the book

CONCLUSION of the book

Firstly:

1- Before the creation of Adam, the Lord God has created all souls of all (fe)male human beings. Each soul enters its body/embryo in a preordained time; the Lord God makes the inseminated ova and the embryos turn into males or females as per the appearance and features of souls. This is part of fates imposed and predetermined by the Lord God.

2- Instincts instilled by the Lord God into human babies make them move their limbs, drink, eat, defecate, urinate,...etc. The senses of hearing and seeing are formed into their hearts/souls and the human children begin to interact and feel what surrounds them; they can recognize their parents and they begin to listen to words and they talk to others later. If the soul is that of a female, its awareness develops in the feelings of any females; for instance, female children love dolls and play the role of mothers before they attain puberty; as adolescents, human females are attracted to human males; likewise, male children play with toys made for boys and develop certain feelings; as adolescents, human males are attracted to human females; both human males and females assume the roles assigned to their sex as per the societies where they live.

3- Souls have their own senses of hearing, seeing, thinking and feeling. Souls control the human physical bodies and their bodily senses. Thus, the souls are all-seeing regarding the bodies and physical senses; this is similar to spies/agents of enthroned tyrants in the totalitarian Middle-East countries who watch their citizens. This explains why the Muhammadans with their physical ears and eyes hear and read the Quranic verses which refute and debunk the myth of the so-called intercession of human souls on behalf of other human souls on the Resurrection Day but the awareness of their souls hardly pays any attention. This is because their souls adhere to disbelief and polytheism; i.e., the Muhammadans prefer devilish hadiths (e.g., the ones about intercession) to the Quranic verses; this is why their souls are screened from the Quran by thick veils which prevent the Quranic preaching, guidance, and Light from reaching the awareness and senses of their souls. "And if you call them to guidance, they will not hear. And you see them looking at you, yet they do not see." (7:198). This dulling/numbing of the senses of the soul is the reason why there are foolish polytheists who worship a male deity born out of a womb and suffered 'deicide' while being crucified and he could not save himself. Their souls' reasoning faculties and senses are blocked as their souls cling to such a myth which has taken the form of a false religion. Likewise, some creatures like cows, rats, and monkeys are being worshiped and deified in India; foolish polytheistic Muhammadans worship, deify, and sanctify allies/saints and their tombs/mausoleums as if such entombed corpses were alive and had omnipotence and omniscience to control the fates of people, though if such corpses would move about and get out of their tombs to greet and smile at their worshipers, such worshipers would panic and run in fright. The Muhammadans worship, venerate, and sanctify Al-Bokhary and his book of hadiths though most of them never read this two-volume book at all; yet, many of them in Egypt (and elsewhere) insulted and went mad at our person when we have refuted, criticized, and undermined Al-Bokhary book; this is because their souls are biased for this sanctified book of theirs and they side against the Quran. Yet, most of them never pondered on Al-Bokhary hadiths and they never used the Quran as the Criterion to judge and refute any hadiths.

4- There are two levels inside each one of the human souls.

4/1: There is the level of instincts shared with most animals; we remember as we were, in 1974, in Cairo, Egypt, a young lecturer at Al-Azhar University preparing our PhD thesis about the influence of Sufism in Egypt during the Mameluke Era, we went every day on foot to the Central Library, Cairo University, which was located 4 km away from our rented apartment; we gathered material and took down notes from 8 AM to 5 PM and then eat lunch and return home on foot; all the time, our mind was thinking of the data we gathered; at night, we organized, labeled, and commented on the material we gathered. Within our daily journey on foot between our apartment and Cairo University's Central Library and then back to our apartment, we were engrossed in thought about the data we collected; meanwhile, we avoided pushing our body accidentally into passers-by and cars...etc. At one time while we were going back home on foot, a friend of ours greeted us and we never saw or heard him; he blamed us later at Al-Azhar University, informing us of what happened, but we apologized to him and explained our being too busy with thoughts filling our mind. The analysis of this situation is as follows: there is a minimum level of soul's instincts and awareness which enable the body to move about in safety and unconsciously avoid pushing the body accidentally into people, vehicles, or things despite the fact that our soul was too busy thinking about analyzing the data for our PhD thesis. This is like donkeys in the fields inside villages which instinctively know their way back home without people riding and guiding them. Yet, there is a higher level of awareness inside the human souls which never exists inside animals.

4/2: The higher level inside human souls is the human free will and freedom of choice; this differentiates between human beings and animals; animals, of course, behave instinctively as they seek food, water, and shelter and they defend themselves and multiply...etc. Animals will not be judged on the Last Day and they have no free will or freedom of choice. Of course, the human free will and freedom of choice which constitute the higher level of awareness inside human souls are created within such souls by the Lord God: "And the soul and He who proportioned it. And inspired it with its wickedness and its righteousness. Successful is he who purifies it. Failing is he who corrupts it." (91:7-10). Thus, souls of all human beings freely and consciously choose evil or good, sinning or piety, polytheism or monotheism,...etc. while bearing full responsibility for their fates on the Last Day either in Hell or in Paradise. Only pious monotheists follow the instinct of righteousness inculcated into their souls.

5- The human souls control the human bodies; the bodies are like garments which clothe and cover the souls to enable them to exist and function in the physical Planet Earth; this means that the human bodies are neutral; they obey the commands of the souls. Let us exemplify this point.

5/1: Before the awareness and senses of hearts/souls are developed, babies never feel things and others around them; this applies to sleepers and to persons suffering from madness; they lack consciousness; in such cases, the souls' level of instincts controls their bodies. Within normal human adults, the awareness and senses of hearts/souls are developed and they are able to think, reflect understand, ponder, realize, recognize, and discern.

5/2: Reaching into adolescence, human beings are responsible for their deeds chosen freely unless insane or psychologically disturbed. We note the following.

5/2/1: The Lord God does not punish or blame those whose souls are forced into violating Quranic laws: "Whoever renounces faith in God after having believed - except for someone who is compelled, while his heart rests securely in faith - but whoever willingly opens up his heart to disbelief - upon them falls wrath from God, and for them is a tremendous torment." (16:106); "...And do not compel your girls to prostitution, seeking the materials of this life, if they desire to remain chaste. Should anyone compel them - after their compulsion, God is Forgiving and Merciful." (24:33); "...There is no blame on you if you err therein, barring what your hearts premeditates. God is Forgiving and Merciful." (33:5). Thus, some deeds which are prohibited might not be sinful as they seem to onlookers; e.g., those who consume pork, ham, or bacon without knowing what type of meat they are consuming; those who consume food during days of Ramadan as they are ill or fatigued because of traveling. This means that the discerning aware souls take conscious decision; only the Omnipotent Lord God knows if someone falls into sinning on purpose or not.

5/2/2: The looks of the human eyes and the eyes of souls: Souls control and direct the looks addressed by the bodily eyes: "Tell the believing men to restrain their looks...Tell the believing women to restrain their looks..." (24:30-31). The physical, bodily eyes of pious souls restrain their lustful looks; in contrast, the physical, bodily eyes of impious souls never restrain their lustful looks and they leer on purpose and search for looking intentionally at (semi)naked bodies. The same applies to the sense of hearing; physical ears of impious souls seek to hear blasphemous and four-lettered words and sexual talking about illicit sex; pious souls hate to hear blasphemies, swearwords, sexual talking,...etc.

5/2/3: Killing is allowed in Islam ONLY in cases of self-defense fighting against aggressors and those attacking one to kill him/her. Yet, the same act of killing is prohibited murder in Islam when a sinful soul kills an innocent peaceful person; worse still is to ascribe the heinous crime of massacring innocent, peaceful people to religion; this grave injustice is still committed by sinful souls of Wahabi terrorists and was committed by sinful souls of caliphs and Arabs (and those who now follow their footsteps) who invaded, conquered, looted, and fought...etc. to establish an Arab empire once Muhammad died.

6- The following points are about the human souls in this transient world.

6/1: They can choose, based on their free will, to weave their eternal bodies of the Hereafter (either in Hell or in Paradise) as per their deeds and faiths.

6/2: They never choose their fates, features, appearance, times of births and deaths, families, provisions, duration of life, calamities/ adversities, and tests preordained by the Lord God within this temporary existence on earth. Yet, they can choose freely their deeds and actions and religious beliefs.

6/3: This means human souls choose freely (im)piety, (mis)guidance, polytheism or monotheism, sins or good deeds,...etc. Human souls are created by the Lord God as free agents. The Lord God promises Paradise for the pious ones and Hell for the unjust disbelievers. The Lord God does not break His promises.

7- Hence, it is a foolish thing that human beings fall into the trap of worshiping their temporary, physical bodies (or bodies of other human beings) created from dust and they disregard purifying their eternal souls within piety.

7/1: The human beings forget the fact that their bodies are merely outer garments for their eternal souls; such garments/bodies will die and decompose in order to return into its origin: dust. The human bodies will never revive again on the Resurrection Day.

7/2: The human beings forget the fact that their physical bodies are changeable; they are born weak during babyhood and childhood, they get stronger in adulthood, and they get weak again when they reach the old age: "God is He Who created you weak, then after weakness gave you strength, then after strength gave you weakness and gray hair. He creates whatever He wills. He is the Omniscient, the Omnipotent." (30:54). This is predestined fate imposed on the transient, frail human bodies. Talking about the so-called longevity in the West will never prevent death, weakness, and ailments to which the human flesh is heir.

7/3: Thus, science and plastic surgeries will never be able to beautify old men and women or remove their signs of aging: "Whomever We grant old age, We reverse his development. Do they not understand?" (36:68). Viewers are saddened by comparing between photos of young pretty actresses and the recent photos of the same actresses in their old, senile age.

Lastly:

The human bodies are mere clothes or garments for the human souls; such clothes get old and are worn out and they are thrown eventually into a dustbin known as tombs or tombs where they decompose and turn into bones and dust. It is very foolish that human beings focus only on reforming their bodies which are temporary clothes while they disregard reforming their eternal souls by performing many good deeds within monotheism to purify themselves and acquire new, eternal bodies woven by their good deeds and monotheistic faith so that their souls would be clothed in such eternal, new bodies on the Resurrection Day and in Paradise. We hope our readers would heed the warning and focus on inheriting the Eternal Life in Paradise in the Hereafter.

CONTENTS:

FOREWORD of the book

INTRODUCTION of the book

CHAPTER I: What Are Souls?

CHAPTER II: Quranic Synonyms for Souls

CHAPTER III: Souls in the Hereafter

CONCLUSION of the book